Timeline of European Art and Music - The First Century BC

Timestamps

0:00 - First Century BC - Roman Lyre
An instrument popular in Greek and Roman times

3:11 - First Century BC - Tortoise Shell Lyre
A custom made tortoise shell lyres, with a Greek tortoise shell foraged from the forests near Thessaloniki (a Greek port city) and unpolished gut strings, using small intestines.

6:35 - First Century BC - Tympanum
Very similar to a tambourine consisting of a wooden frame that was covered on one side by animal skin. This drum had a special connection to Dionysus, so it is often depicted in scenes and art dedicated to the god. This also suggests it would be used at parties and any ceremony that included drinks, as Dionysus was the goddess of wine and fertility.

8:34 - First Century BC - Syrinx (Pan Flute)
One of the most popular wind instruments in Rome. Easily made and accessible, meaning that it was also found outside of major cities. It may have even been a household instrument.

11:32 - 17 BC - Horace (Roman) - Carmen Saeculare (Latin for Secular Hymn or Song of the Ages)
A hymn in Sapphic meter written by the Roman poet Horace. It was commissioned by the Roman emperor Augustus. The hymn was sung by a chorus of twenty-seven maidens and the same number of youths on the occasion of the Ludi Saeculares (Secular Games), which celebrated the end of one saeculum (typically 110 years in length) and the beginning of another.

Bonus - Here is a link to where you can take a virtual tour of the Ara Pacis - https://tourvirtuale.arapacis.it/
Here is a link to a further explanation of the first collection of paintings, of which all ten are apart of the same fresco - http://www.art-and-archaeology.com/timelines/rome/empire/vm/villaofthemysteries.html