SUNSCREEN in UV

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Creator: Dianna Cowern
Videography: Chris Peck, Dianna Cowern, Derek Muller and Eric Birkemeier
Editing: Jabril Ashe

Thanks to Dan Walsh, and congratulations on his PhD!

Thanks to Kyle Kitzmiller and Unicorn Snot

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Resources and Further reading:

“The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is proposing to limit the maximum labeled SPF value for over-the-counter (OTC) sunscreen drug products to ‘‘50+.’
https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2011-06-17/pdf/2011-14769.pdf

NYT Article on SPF 50
https://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/15/science/15sun.html

FDA: Understanding over the counter sunscreens
https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resourcesforyou/consumers/buyingusingmedicinesafely/understandingover-the-countermedicines/ucm258468.htm

Sunscreen Penetration of Human Skin and Related Keratinocyte Toxicity after Topical Application
https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/85861

Regulatory Policy Information for the Sunscreen Innovation Act (information on FDA’s rejection of new sunscreen ingredients)
https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/ucm434843.htm

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15908756

NEW SIA (sunscreen innvation act): https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/ucm434782.htm

Schedule of sunscreen lettesr: https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/ucm434843.htm

FDA blog safety and effectiveness data: https://blogs.fda.gov/fdavoice/index.php/2016/11/fdas-sunscreen-guidance-outlines-safety-and-effectiveness-data-recommended-for-additional-active-ingredients/

Sunscreen + coral reefs
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2018/07/02/hawaii-is-about-to-ban-your-favorite-sunscreen-to-protect-its-coral-reefs/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.bba2187271ad

”SPF 100 vs 50 study”
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962217329080

Screenshot of “health blog”
https://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/2016/11/29/chemical-versus-physical-sunscreen-whats-the-difference_a_21616016/

Overview of suncreen ingredients
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3543289/

“Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide provide UV protection primarily via absorption of UV radiation and not through significant reflection or scattering.”
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/phpp.12214

From the FDA’s website:
“Although the protective action of sunscreen products takes place on the surface of the skin, there is evidence that at least some sunscreen active ingredients may be absorbed through the skin and enter the body”
https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/BuyingUsingMedicineSafely/UnderstandingOver-the-CounterMedicines/ucm239463.htm#ingredients

In 2014, the FDA updated sunscreen ingredient proposal rules
https://www.fda.gov/drugs/guidancecomplianceregulatoryinformation/ucm434782.htm
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