Qatar's Geographic Challenge

In this video, we examine a small gulf state Qatar whose soft power reached far beyond its borders.

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#1: The Qatar peninsula protrudes 160 kilometers (100 miles) into the Persian Gulf. It’s a very small country, from one side to another, it takes only two and a half hours to drive.

#2: The country is located in the Middle East. Its only land border is with Saudi Arabia, which puts it at a great disadvantage whenever its neighbor decides to close the border.

#3: History has recorded little of Qatar besides the brief mention of its warring desert tribes. Qatar had been ruled by Bahrain and Saudi-based tribes between 1783-1868 before the Ottomans decided to take control of the peninsula in 1871, and with the first world war, the country switched to British rule until it gained full independence in 1971.

#4: The country was saved by the discovery of oil in 1940. Things began to change dramatically for this tribal state.

#5: %70 of Qatar’s government revenue and %60 of its GDP is from the oil and gas industries. This situation brings a diversifying challenge for Qatar.

#6: Qatar has only 2.6 million people. This is such a small number for a country. But far worse is the fact that only 10 percent of the total population are Qataris, with foreign workers making up the rest. This 10 percent of the minority consists of 30 tribes. And the al-Thani tribe rules them all.

#7: Qatar's existential challenge is survival against the other tribes. Qatar has been attacked by its neighboring tribes throughout history. Nowadays largest US military base in the region locates in the middle of the country. This base is Qatar's best chance against rival tribes so far.

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