What's the Secret? Saudi Arabia Baffles American Scientists

Saudi Arabia is a large country located in the Middle East, spanning an area of 2.14 million square kilometers. This makes it the world's 14th largest country by land area. Despite its vast size, however, Saudi Arabia is one of the driest places on Earth, receiving an average of just four inches of rain per year. This lack of rainfall has traditionally made it difficult for the country to support large-scale agriculture.

Despite these challenges, over the past few decades, Saudi Arabia has made significant progress in expanding its agricultural land and increasing food production. In the early 1960s, the country only had 400 square kilometers of arable land, an area that was primarily used for date cultivation and small-scale vegetable production. However, by the early 2010s, this number had grown to 35,000 square kilometers. This increase in agricultural land has allowed the country to become self-sufficient in a number of food items, including meat, milk, and eggs. In fact, the country now even exports some agricultural products, such as wheat, dates, and fish.

The key to this transformation has been the implementation of modern farming technologies and rural infrastructure development programs. The government has invested in irrigation systems, water desalination plants, and other agricultural technologies to make it possible to grow crops in the arid desert climate. In addition, they have also invested in rural infrastructure such as roads and transportation systems, which has made it easier to get crops to market and distribute food to the population.

One of the major problems that Saudi Arabia faced in its agricultural development was the lack of water resources. The country has no permanent rivers and the annual rainfall is below 150 millimeters which made the farming of crops almost impossible. However, the government tackled this problem by building large-scale desalination plants, which convert saltwater into fresh water that can be used for irrigation. This allowed farmers to grow crops that would not have been possible without an adequate water supply. Furthermore, this also gave a new economic opportunity for farmers to grow different crops that otherwise wouldn't grow in the desert-like environment.

Another important factor in Saudi Arabia's agricultural transformation has been the adoption of modern farming methods. Instead of traditional farming practices, the country has embraced modern technologies such as precision agriculture and genetically modified crops, which have allowed farmers to increase their yields and make their operations more efficient. Additionally, Saudi Arabia has also begun to use greenhouse farming to grow crops year-round, rather than being limited to the short growing season in the desert.
One major achievement of Saudi Arabia in its agricultural development is the expansion of date farming. Dates were traditionally a staple of the Saudi diet, and they were mostly farmed for local consumption. However, with the expansion of agricultural land, the country has been able to farm dates on a much larger scale, and now exports them to other countries. Dates have become one of the major agricultural exports of the country and also contribute greatly to the national economy.

In addition to these technological advancements, the government also introduced programs to encourage rural development, providing farmers with loans and other forms of financial assistance, as well as technical and training support to help them improve their operations. These programs have been instrumental in creating new opportunities for farmers and rural communities and in improving the overall standard of living in the country.

In conclusion, Saudi Arabia has made remarkable progress in its agricultural development over the past few decades. Despite being located in one of the driest regions on Earth, the country has managed to increase its agricultural land by a staggering 875% since the early 1960s and has become self-sufficient in a number of food items and even export them to other countries.

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