Civil War in Kentucky, The Battle of Mill Springs Welcome Center and Museum Tour

The Battle of Mill Springs took place on January 19th 1862 between Union and Confederate troops and was one of the first victories of the American Civil War for the Union Army. In late December 1861 Confederate troops under the command of Brigadier General Felix Kirk Zollicoffer.

The National Park Service operates a Visitor Center and Museum in Nancy, KY. A free 20-minute film about the Battle of Mill Springs is available for viewing in the Visitor Center. The Mill Springs Battlefield Visitor Center & Museum was established November 4, 2006, with the purpose of acquiring and distributing knowledge, and to preserve and exhibit objects, illustrating the history and importance of the Battle of Mill Springs and the preservation of battlefield land.

On January 19, 1862, Zollicoffer commanded a brigade in George B. Crittenden’s force attacking Thomas at Mill Springs near Logan’s Crossroads along the Kentucky-Tennessee border. Zollicoffer was mortally wounded in the confusion of the battle. His body was returned to Tennessee and was buried in Nashville.

Zollicoffer's men attacked on January 19th in the early morning mist and rain, and initially gained success against the Yankee regiments. Zollicoffer was killed as he conducted a reconnaissance on a road in front of his men. The sudden death of their commander and heavy fire from the Federals caused the center of the Confederate line to fall back momentarily in confusion.

The fighting raged at close quarters for over an hour until Thomas ordered the Union line to advance, overwhelming the Confederates who fled the field in disorder. The Federal victory at Mill Springs, the first significant Union victory of the Civil War, not only helped bolster sagging Northern morale but also helped to keep Kentucky more solidly in Union control.

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