twelveyearhistory

In 1913, the Abadan Oil Refinery became the first oil refinery in the Middle East to begin refining oil in significant volumes. At its outset, it was the largest refinery in the world. The Abadan Oil Refinery was a project of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company which was started in 1909 after oil was first discovered in Persia by George Bernard Reynolds in 1908. At first the company got off to a rough start and it nearly went bankrupt. Then, in 1914 the British government acquired a 51 percent stake in the company giving the refinery a constant demand for its product in Britain. During World War I, the refinery was seized by Britain so that they wouldn’t lose control of its oil supply during the war. The Abadan Oil Refinery would remain the largest oil refinery in the world for decades to come. Today, the Abadan Oil Refinery is owned by the National Iranian Oil Refining and Distribution Company.

🎬⏳In 1913, Jesse Laskey created the The Jesse Lasky Feature Play Company and rented a small barn on the outskirts of Los Angeles. He had several business partners including Cecil B. DeMille and Samuel Goldwyn. Their first major success was called The Squaw Man, released in 1914. In 1916, the company combined with the Famous Players Company in New York which was founded around the same time and was led by Adolf Zukor and the Frohman Brothers. The Famous Players company produced their first hit film in 1913 called The Count of Monte Cristo. The Laskey-Famous Players company experienced success and they built a new studio in New York in 1920 that today is known as the Kaufman-Astoria and also built a studio in London. The Laskey-Famous Players company continued producing films in the 1920s and eventually became known as Paramount Pictures. #paramountpictures #hollywoodhistory #hollywood #samuelgoldwyn #1913 #americanhistory #history #historyfacts

🙈🙉 Woodrow Wilson and the State of the Union Address: 1913 to 1920 In 1913, Woodrow Wilson began the tradition of delivering the State of The Union speech directly to Congress. This had only been done during the George Washington and John Adams presidencies. Thomas Jefferson broke the tradition as he believed it was a tradition that too closely resembled Britain's tradition of the King's speech from the throne. The following presidents until Wilson would continue deliver the SOTU in writing. As the presidents after Wilson were entering the age of the radio, the tradition of speaking in front of Congress continued and eventually it was broadcast directly over the radio. Today, the people tune into the State of Union Address each year to see the sport that takes place between the two parties trying to out-clap one another. 👏👏👏 #SOTU #stateoftheunion #woodrowwilson #1913 #Americanhistory #history #president

The Rockefeller Foundation: 1913 to 1920 The Rockefeller Foundation was founded on May 14, 1913 and was named after its founder, the oil tycoon, John D Rockefeller. Mr. Rockefeller was already very involved in philanthropy but in 1913, he officially founded the Rockefeller Foundation. After its founding, the foundation began to focus its energy on the health and medical field. It started the International Health Committee, The China Medical Board, and provided funding for the National Committee for Mental Hygiene. One of its founding tenets was that healthcare should fundamentally be central to the government whereas the Rockefeller Foundation was only there to supplement governments in various parts of the world. In 1920, the Rockefeller Foundation entered the public education sphere and created a program in partnership with Johns Hopkins University. This was the first seven years of the Rockefeller Foundation. What are your thoughts on the Rockefeller Foundation? Let us know in the comments. #johnrockefeller #johndrockefeller #rockefellerfoundation #johnshopkins #healthcare #publichealthcare #standardoil #history #americanhistory

In 1913, Margaret Sanger separated from her husband as she moved back to America from Paris while her husband stayed to pursue his passion for art. The next year, she began the Woman Rebel, where she advocated for an "empowered" woman with the slogan "No Gods, No Masters." Margaret Sanger was one of the first women to push birth control onto women as a way to free themselves from the consequences of having children. Margaret Sanger was also a supporter of eugenics, which means the selective breeding within certain races of humans while trying to exclude the reproduction of others. At the same time that hardworking, family-loving mothers were about to be able to vote, Sanger was spearheading a movement which tried to pervert women's newfound suffrage into something it was never meant to be. In 1920, she finalized the divorce from her husband and published her first book..."Woman and The New Race," where she continued to advocate for birth control for the purpose of limiting the world's population. #americanhistory #history #margaretsanger #plannedparenthood #birthcontrol #photodocumentary #documentary

⏲🌏In June 1913, Andrew Carnegie traveled to Europe for the German Monarch’s silver jubilee🎉, the celebration of Wilhelm Kaiser’s 25th year as monarch. Since 1907, the German Monarch had more hawkish military advisors and there was concern that Europe was drifting towards a conflict. Andrew Carnegie hoped to encourage the monarch towards continued peace. It is said that Wilhelm Kaiser II made the statement to Carnegie, “Twenty-five years of peace, Mr. Carnegie, and I hope there will be twenty-five more!” When Carnegie was finished visiting the monarch in June, in August, the Peace Palace was set to have its inauguration ceremony. Carnegie had donated $1.5 million to the project which equates to roughly $50 million today. The Peace Palace was going to become the home for the Permanent Court of Arbitration, an intergovernmental organization that resolves disputes among its member nations. Since the League of Nations creation in 1920, the Peace Palace has also housed the International Court of Justice, which today, is the judicial body for the United Nations. The industrialist turned peace advocate and philanthropist, Andrew Carnegie passed away at the age 83, in August 1919.

🕰️✨ Let's take a journey back to the remarkable years of 1913-1920, when Henry Ford revolutionized the automotive industry and paved the way for a new era of the automobile. 🚗🌟 #ThrowbackToTheFordYears In 1913, Henry Ford created the first moving assembly line for the automotive industry. He modeled his assembly line after the meatpacking industry and saw large productivity gains as a result. Consequently, he was able to pay his workers more for their time. In 1918, thanks to dispute with the Dodge brothers who were shareholders since 1903, Henry Ford stepped down from serving as president and handed the role off to his son, Edsel Ford. After threatening to start a new company, the Dodge brothers sold their shares to Ford and Ford came into complete control of the company. In 1920, the company restructured itself and had a record year, selling over 900,000 vehicles. #henryford #ford #history #americanhistory# #dodge #fordhistory #assemblyline

The Path to Women's Suffrage and the 19th Amendment: 1913 to 1920 By 1913, 9 states had granted women full voting rights. In March 1913, the first Washington DC women's march happened led by Lucy Burns and Alice Paul. The march was met with intimidation tactics and police stood idle as the marchers were threatened. The march was held one day before President Wilson's inauguration and so with many visiting, visitors saw the women's march and it had an impact on people's perception. In June 1913, a Senate Committee convened and presented a report to the Senate, recommending the passage of the 19th Amendment. In 1914, WWI began and caused the movement towards the 19th Amendment to be postponed. During the war, women played a more active role than in any previous war. As men traveled overseas, women were required to support the war effort by working in factories and producing the required products for the war. This would have a lasting impact on society. In 1918, near the end of WWI, Woodrow Wilson approached the Senate and requested that they pass the 19th Amendment. A year later, in 1919, the Senate passed the 19th Amendment. All that was left was for 36 out of the 48 states to ratify the Amendment. On August 18, 1920, the 19th Amendment was passed as it was ratified by the 36th state, Tennessee. #womenssuffrage #suffrage #votingrights #voting #19thamendment #americanhistory #history #presidentwilson

In 1913, the American financial system received the Federal Reserve central bank, the Internal Revenue Service, and the Department of Labor. This was the year that the American financial system changed, forever. The IRS was illegal in 1913 until the 16th Amendment was ratified in February. Then on the same day that Woodrow Wilson was inaugurated, Taft signed the bill creating the Department of Labor. A few months into his presidency, Wilson signed the Revenue Act which instituted an income tax for the first time since the 16th Amendment was passed. And finally in December 1913, Wilson passed the Federal Reserve Act, officially creating a central bank. Why was 1913 such an important year in American history? Let us know in the comments. Please like this video and subscribe to the channel for more videos like this one. #federalreserve #irs #centralbanking #shorts #16thamendment #taft #woodrowwilson #1913 #departmentoflabor #americanhistory #history

In 1913, the Federal Reserve was created. When it was first created, they hoped to abolish the old system with its Independent Treasury and it subtreasuries, but they were unable to do so. In 1917, the Bureau of Efficiency was tasked with providing a report to Congress on whether the subtreasuries were still necessary in the new Federal Reserve banking system. They reported back that they were no longer necessary. In May 1920, sometimes referred to as the Independent Treasury Act of 1920, the Federal Reserve Act was amended and it abolished the Independent Treasury with its subtreasuries. From that moment forward, the Federal Reserve Central Banking system was what the US banking system operated within. #federalreserve #woodrowwilson #americanhistory #independenttreasury #bankinghistory #history

William C "Billy" Durant: 1920 to 1932 Billy Durant was an automobile titan leading up to the 1920s. His experience in the auto industry dates back to 1886 when he started Durant-Dort Carriage Company. This was the same year that Carl Benz was just inventing the automobile in Germany in 1886. Durant eventually became responsible for creating the family of brands that fell under the General Motors umbrella as well as Chevrolet. His career took many twists and turns as he was consistently guilty of trying to grow too quickly. His growth plans often paid off in the short term but the economic waves that occurred in those days consistently resulted in his companies being taken from him. For example, in 1920 he was forced out of his company which at the time comprised Chevrolet as well as General Motors which he had to purchase back in 1918. This time, he was forced out by the Du Pont's who were purchasing GM shares since 1914. After being removed from his company, he started a new one in 1920-21 called Durant Motors. He hoped to challenge General Motors with his new company and it continued producing cars throughout the 1920s, but as happened in the past, economic downturns, this time the Great Depression, swallowed Durant's over-leveraged company and he was forced into bankruptcy. 1932 ended Durant's illustrious career in the automotive industry. Ironically, his manufacturing plant for Durant Motors was purchased for use in 1935 by General Motors. #generalmotors #chevrolet #billydurant #williamdurant #gm #greatdepression #americanhistory #roaring20s #autohistory #carhistory #shorts #dupont Music: On The Road via InVideo

Herbert Hoover: 1920 to 1932 Herbert Hoover became a famous industrialist during his career. In 1914, Hoover began public service as he joined a committee to provide aid to Americans who were stranded in Europe during WWI. This led to his involvement in the Wilson administration as head of the Food Administration. He became responsible for providing food relief to Europeans and Russians following the war. Millions of lives were saved due to these efforts. Hoover then ran for president in 1920 but didn't receive the nomination. Instead, he became the Commerce Secretary inside of President Harding's administration. As Commerce Secretary he took command of many of the tasks inside the administration. He then continued in this role under the Coolidge administration. When Calvin Coolidge chose not to run for a second term, Hoover ran against New York Governor Al Smith and won. Hoover was a deeply caring president and when the Great Depression hit he became involved in trying to stem the effects. However, FDR promised to go further with his New Deal policies and won the election of 1932. #Herberthoover #hoover #greatdepression #roaring20s #americanhistory #americanpresident #coolidge #warrenharding #harding Music: Lonely Dusty Trail via InVideo

The radio was invented in 1894 by an Italian named Guglielmo Marconi. He started The Wireless Company of America in November 1899. In 1919, his company and its patents were purchased by General Electric. Several other companies held an interest in the company as well. The new company was called Radio Corporation of America or RCA. They immediately built radio towers on Long Island and radio stations began to be formed following 1920. The presidential election of 1920 became the first election where the election results were broadcast via radio. The election was between Harding-Coolidge and Cox-Roosevelt with Harding-Coolidge coming out on top. During the next decade, regulations surrounding radio were created with the Hoover Radio Conferences from 1923 to 1925 and the Radio Act of 1927. In 1932, FDR ran against the incumbent president, Herbert Hoover. FDR endorsed broader, more liberal economic policies and so he won. The radio also contributed as he was more effective at using it to communicate directly to the American public. Also in 1932, The Radio Corporation of America (RCA) was broken apart from its parent companies to operate as an independent company. #history #radio #historyofradio #hoover #coolidge #fdr #rca #radiocorporationofamerica #marconi #guglielmomarconi #shorts #americanhistory Music: Epic Inspiration on InVideo

Germany signed the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. The Germans Reparations period kicked off in 1920 with the Spa Conference. Then twelve years later, in the midst of the Great Depression, World War I reparations payments ceased in 1932. This was a tumultuous time in Germany's history, but it was one that also had some bright spots as well. This video briefly describes the twelve year period from 1920 to 1932 as it relates to German War Reparations. #Germany #wwi #ww1 #1920s #greatdepression

This is a video about the Weimar Republic from 1920 to 1932. The Weimar Constitution was adopted in 1919. Although the Weimar Republic is remembered as the breeding grounds for the political movement that ended with Hitler, several important concepts were introduced to German society and politics. One of these ideas was the ending of monarchical titles. Since Charlemagne, monarchical titles has been an integral part of European and German society. From 1919 to 1920, the National Assembly met as the legislative body. In June 1920, the Reichstag met for the first time since the German Revolution began. The Reichstag was the lower house of German Parliament. The largest political party when the Weimar Republic began was the SPD or Socialist Democrat Party. Simultaneously, in 1919-1920, a new party was beginning. Anton Drexler began the National Socialist German Workers Party. Hitler became a member in late 1919. In 1920, the In the federal election of 1930, the tide began to turn dramatically in favor of the National Socialist German Workers Party. After the election of July 1932, the Nazi party was in control of the Reichstag and seven months later, Hitler became the Chancellor under President Hindenburg. This slideshow highlights events that differentiate the Weimar Republic as a unique twelve-year period in history from 1920 to 1932. #Germany #Germanhistory #weimarrepublic #history #reichstag #twelveyearhistory #12yearhistory #shorts

FDR was instrumental in Woodrow Wilson's presidential campaign in 1912, and so Wilson appointed him as the Assistant Secretary of Navy which he held from 1913 to 1920. President Wilson contemplated running for election in a third term but amidst deteriorating health, he chose not to. James Cox and FDR made up the Democratic ticket and lost to the Republican ticket, Harding-Coolidge. A year later, FDR contracted polio and became paralyzed from the waist down. This was a giant setback for the 39 year-old FDR. In 1924, FDR discovered Warm Springs, Georgia where 88 degree water from the springs allowed him to slowly regain some movement in his legs. By 1927, he had turned the Warm Springs into a a not-for-profit foundation. In 1928, he re-entered politics in New York, where he was from and won the governorship. He won re-election as governor in 1930 by a growing margin and in 1932, he entered the presidential race. Against Hoover, who was seemingly losing the battle against the Great Depression, FDR won the presidency by a wide margin in November 1932. FDR became the 32nd POTUS.