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In January, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory will celebrate the fifth anniversary of Spirit and Opportunity landing on Mars, and the twin rovers will continue with their newest adventures.

Promo for NASA Television

International Space Station Crew Pays Tribute to the First Circumnavigation of the Moon. Aboard the International Space Station, Expedition 18 Commander Mike Fincke and Flight Engineer Sandy Magnus paid tribute to the crew of Apollo 8 in commemorating the 40th anniversary of the flight of Frank Borman, James Lovell and Bill Anders, who became the first humans to orbit the moon, in a downlink message received Dec. 9, 2008. Borman, Lovell and Anders launched on Dec. 21, 1968, and entered orbit around the moon on Christmas Eve. They returned to Earth on Dec. 27, 1968.

"Endeavour - Time Lapse" could refer to a time-lapse video or photography project featuring the Space Shuttle Endeavour. Time-lapse photography involves capturing a series of images at set intervals and then playing them back quickly to create a sped-up effect. In this context, it might depict the Space Shuttle Endeavour during its various missions, including liftoffs, in-space operations, or landings, with the passage of time accelerated. The time-lapse could showcase the dynamic activities and transformations of the shuttle, such as its launch sequence, Earth views from space, or intricate maneuvers. Time-lapse photography can be a captivating way to document and visualize these processes. If you have specific questions or need more details about an "Endeavour - Time Lapse," please provide more context, and I'll do my best to assist you.

As a centerpiece of cooperation in space exploration, the International Space Station reached a milestone on December 4, 2008 as NASA and its partner nations celebrated the ten-year anniversary of the first construction mission.

Hubble's Science Legacy: The Hubble Space Telescope, launched in 1990, has made profound contributions to our understanding of the universe. Its science legacy includes: Cosmic Distance Scale: Hubble helped refine the measurement of the Hubble Constant, which tells us the rate of the universe's expansion. This knowledge has improved our understanding of the age and fate of the cosmos. Dark Energy Discovery: Hubble's observations of distant supernovae revealed the accelerating expansion of the universe, leading to the discovery of dark energy, a mysterious force responsible for this acceleration. Galaxy Formation and Evolution: Hubble's deep field images have allowed us to study galaxies at various stages of their evolution, shedding light on how galaxies form and change over time. Exoplanet Atmospheres: Hubble has detected and analyzed the atmospheres of exoplanets, providing insights into their compositions and potential habitability. Black Hole Masses: Hubble has measured the masses of supermassive black holes in the centers of galaxies, contributing to our understanding of their role in galactic evolution. Stellar Life Cycles: It has observed star birth and death, offering a comprehensive view of stellar life cycles and the factors influencing them. Planetary Science: Hubble has provided valuable data on the atmospheres and features of planets in our solar system, including Jupiter, Saturn, and Pluto. Gravitational Lensing: Hubble's observations of gravitational lensing have allowed astronomers to study distant objects magnified by the gravity of massive foreground objects, helping us see even farther into the universe. Early Universe: By studying the most distant galaxies, Hubble has provided glimpses into the universe's early history, allowing us to probe its conditions shortly after the Big Bang. Hubble's contributions have revolutionized astrophysics and continue to inspire new discoveries. Its observations have been crucial in shaping our current understanding of the cosmos.

NASA RECOGNIZES WINNER OF LUNAR LANDER CHALLENGE WASHINGTON -- NASA recognized Armadillo Aerospace, the winner of the 2008 Northrop Grumman Lunar Lander Challenge, during a ceremony at NASA Headquarters in Washington. The winning vehicle successfully demonstrated some of the technologies needed for a lunar lander capable of ferrying payloads or humans back and forth between lunar orbit and the moon's surface. During the ceremony, NASA Administrator Mike Griffin spoke about NASAs commitment to commercial space development. Doug Comstock, director of NASA's Innovative Partnerships Program, presented a ceremonial check for $350,000 to the Armadillo Aerospace team leader, John Carmack. Also attending the event were George Nield, associate administrator for Commercial Space Transportation at the Federal Aviation Administration, and Peter Diamandis, chairman of the X PRIZE Foundation, which managed the Lunar Lander Challenge for NASA. Armadillo Aerospace won first prize in the level one competition of the challenge held at the Las Cruces International Airport in New Mexico last October. The team constructed a rocket-powered vehicle that lifted off vertically to a height of 50 meters, flew horizontally to a landing pad 100 meters away, landed safely after at least 90 seconds of flight time and repeated the flight. NASA's Centennial Challenges is a prize program to promote technical innovation through competitions. The Lunar Lander Challenge is one of seven current competitions designed to tap the nation's ingenuity in support of NASAs goals and missions. NASAs Innovative Partnerships Program Office in Washington manages the Centennial Challenges. For more information about NASA innovation efforts, visit:: http://ipp.nasa.gov The X PRIZE Foundation is an educational nonprofit prize institute that fosters innovation through competition. For more information, visit:: http://www.xprize.org

The International Space Station (ISS) was assembled in space over multiple missions, and the process took several years. Here's a simplified overview of the ISS assembly sequence: Launch of the First Component (Zarya): In November 1998, the Russian module Zarya (which means "Sunrise" in Russian) was launched into orbit. It served as the initial power and propulsion module. First American Component (Unity): In December 1998, the U.S. module Unity (Node 1) was launched and attached to Zarya, serving as a connecting hub for future modules. First Crew (Expedition 1): In November 2000, the first long-term ISS crew arrived aboard a Soyuz spacecraft, marking the beginning of continuous human presence on the ISS. Expansion and Additions: Over the years, various modules and components were added, including Russian modules like Zvezda and Pirs, American segments like Destiny (the U.S. Laboratory Module), and solar arrays for power generation. Space Shuttle Missions: The Space Shuttle played a critical role in the assembly of the ISS. Shuttle missions delivered and attached major components, conducted spacewalks, and performed maintenance. These missions continued until the retirement of the Space Shuttle program in 2011. Crew Rotation: Crews continued to live and work on the station, conducting scientific experiments and performing maintenance and repairs. International Partners: Besides NASA and Roscosmos, other space agencies like the European Space Agency (ESA), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and Canadian Space Agency (CSA) contributed modules and components to the station. Completion: The assembly of the ISS was officially completed in 2011 with the installation of the Permanent Multipurpose Module and the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer. The ISS continues to orbit Earth, serving as a space laboratory for scientific research, international cooperation in space exploration, and a platform for testing technologies for future deep space missions. Keep in mind that this is a simplified overview, and the actual assembly involved numerous missions and intricate work conducted by astronauts in space.

Apollo 8 launched 40 years ago this December. In this video Astronauts Frank Borman, James Lovell and Bill Anders recount man's first voyage around the moon

The Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 4 (HST SM4) included the repair and upgrade of the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), which was one of Hubble's primary instruments for capturing stunning images of the cosmos. The ACS had developed technical issues, and the mission aimed to restore its functionality to continue its vital role in astronomical observations. During SM4, astronauts faced the challenge of fixing the ACS, a task that required precise and delicate work in the weightless environment of space. They had to replace a faulty power supply board and install a new cooling system to address the instrument's overheating problem. This repair was crucial as the ACS played a significant role in many of Hubble's groundbreaking discoveries and contributed to its reputation as one of the most important astronomical observatories in history. Ultimately, the successful repair of the ACS during HST SM4 extended Hubble's scientific capabilities, allowing it to continue capturing breathtaking images and conducting cutting-edge research in the field of astronomy. The Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 4 (HST SM4) included the repair and upgrade of the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), which was one of Hubble's primary instruments for capturing stunning images of the cosmos. The ACS had developed technical issues, and the mission aimed to restore its functionality to continue its vital role in astronomical observations. During SM4, astronauts faced the challenge of fixing the ACS, a task that required precise and delicate work in the weightless environment of space. They had to replace a faulty power supply board and install a new cooling system to address the instrument's overheating problem. This repair was crucial as the ACS played a significant role in many of Hubble's groundbreaking discoveries and contributed to its reputation as one of the most important astronomical observatories in history. Ultimately, the successful repair of the ACS during HST SM4 extended Hubble's scientific capabilities, allowing it to continue capturing breathtaking images and conducting cutting-edge research in the field of astrology

Welcome to our YouTube channel! In this informative video, we bring you the latest NASA mission update on the Phoenix Mars lander. Join us as we delve into the incredible scientific discoveries and groundbreaking achievements of this exceptional spacecraft. Discover how the Phoenix lander, like a robotic pioneer, ventured to the frigid and mysterious Arctic region of Mars to study the planet's history and potential for supporting life. Through stunning visuals and expert commentary, we'll take you on a virtual journey to the Martian polar landscape, where Phoenix carried out its mission. Learn about the landing and deployment process of the Phoenix lander, and the meticulous systems that allowed it to touch down safely on the Martian surface. Witness its state-of-the-art instruments at work, including a robotic arm equipped with a digging tool, a microscope, and various analytical instruments designed to analyze Martian soil and ice samples. Explore the significant scientific findings unearthed by Phoenix, as it confirmed the presence of water ice just beneath the surface of Mars. Dive into the implications of this discovery and its significance in furthering our understanding of the planet's past habitability and potential for future human exploration. Through interviews with NASA scientists and mission team members, you'll gain insights into the challenges faced during the mission and the innovative solutions employed to overcome them. Discover the advancements in technology and knowledge that emerged from Phoenix's successful mission, pushing the boundaries of space exploration. Join us as we celebrate the triumphs and achievements of the Phoenix Mars mission, which enhanced our knowledge of Mars' geological history, climate, and potential for past or present habitable environments. We'll also discuss the mission's lasting contributions to our continued exploration of the Red Planet and its implications for future missions. Subscribe to our channel for future NASA mission updates and exciting space exploration content. Like, comment, and share this video to inspire others with the remarkable achievements of the Phoenix Mars mission. Let's continue to explore the vast mysteries of Mars and the universe beyond.

In this continuation of our Mars Rover Testing series, we delve deeper into the various aspects of testing and development that make these rovers capable of exploring the hostile environment of Mars. Join us as we introduce you to the dedicated teams of engineers, scientists, and technicians who work tirelessly to ensure the success of these cutting-edge machines. From testing the rover's mobility systems to evaluating its scientific instruments, every aspect is meticulously examined to guarantee optimal performance on the Martian surface. Witness the sophisticated simulations that recreate the challenging conditions on Mars, including extreme temperature fluctuations, dust storms, and the planet's thin atmosphere. You'll see the rovers undergoing stress tests, endurance trials, and environmental assessments to verify their resilience and durability. Through fascinating interviews with experts, we'll uncover the engineering marvels behind the rover's sophisticated mechanisms, such as the advanced robotic arm, high-resolution cameras, and analytical instruments that enable scientific discoveries millions of miles away from Earth. As we take you inside the testing facilities and laboratories, you'll gain a behind-the-scenes look at the state-of-the-art equipment used to refine every aspect of the rover's functionality. Be prepared to be amazed by the intricacies involved in achieving precise measurements, robust communication systems, and autonomous navigation capabilities. This video will not only provide you with a comprehensive understanding of the extensive testing process but also highlight the preparation and anticipation leading up to the rover's launch and its mission on Mars. Stay tuned to our channel for future updates on the Mars Rover Testing series, where we'll bring you even more remarkable insights into the development of these groundbreaking robotic explorers. Don't forget to like, comment, and share this video with fellow space enthusiasts who are equally awed by the wonders of Mars and the incredible feats of human ingenuity.

During the Space Shuttle program, cameras were frequently mounted on the SRBs to capture the ascent and separation of the boosters. These cameras provided valuable footage for engineering analysis, as well as for public outreach and education. The cameras used on the SRBs were typically fixed to the external surface and equipped with wide-angle lenses to capture a broad field of view. They were designed to withstand the extreme vibrations, accelerations, and temperature fluctuations experienced during launch and ascent. The footage captured by SRB cameras offered unique perspectives of the launch, showcasing the intense power and dynamics involved in space shuttle missions. These videos were often made available to the public after the missions. For specific details about the STS-126 mission or the cameras used on the SRBs during that particular mission, it would be best to consult official NASA sources or mission documentation.

Students will monitor the arachnid astronauts to see how they spin webs in space.

Shuttle and station astronauts send a message to the troops wishing them Happy Holidays.

STS-126 mission specialists Don Pettit and Steve Bowen drink a special Thanksgiving toast using cups Pettit designed for a weightless environment.

Welcome to our YouTube channel! In this captivating video, we invite you to embark on a breathtaking journey through the depths of space as we explore the incredible story of the Hubble Space Telescope. Get ready to witness the vision, hope, and triumph behind one of humanity's greatest scientific endeavors. Join us as we delve into the origins of the Hubble Space Telescope, from its inception to its launch into orbit. Discover how a dedicated team of scientists, engineers, and astronauts overcame immense challenges and transformed a vision into reality, forever changing our understanding of the cosmos. Through stunning visuals and expert insights, you'll witness the awe-inspiring discoveries made by Hubble, including breathtaking images of distant galaxies, vibrant nebulae, and mesmerizing stellar formations. Each mind-blowing image uncovers the intricate beauty and vastness of our universe, igniting a sense of wonder and sparking new avenues of scientific inquiry. Learn about the groundbreaking scientific breakthroughs made possible by Hubble's observations. From measuring the expansion rate of the universe to unraveling the mysteries of dark matter and dark energy, Hubble has revolutionized our understanding of the cosmos and paved the way for future space exploration missions. Delve into the triumphs and transformative repairs of the Hubble Space Telescope, as brave astronauts embarked on daring missions to service and upgrade this unprecedented observatory. Witness the heroic efforts to overcome technical glitches and ensure Hubble's continued operation, extending its scientific legacy for decades. Through interviews with astronomers and mission experts, we'll reveal the profound impact that the Hubble Space Telescope has had on our collective knowledge and our sense of wonder. Gain insights into the cutting-edge research enabled by Hubble and its role in inspiring a new generation of scientists and space enthusiasts. Don't miss this opportunity to witness the profound impact of the Hubble Space Telescope and its transformative journey that has reshaped our understanding of the universe. Subscribe to our channel for more captivating space exploration content and join us as we unveil the wonders of the cosmos. Like, comment, and share this video to inspire others with the extraordinary achievements of the Hubble Space Telescope. Together, let's explore the vastness of the universe and embrace the limitless possibilities it holds.

11.28.08 - Cameras aboard the International Space Station and space shuttle Endeavour capture spectacular views as the shuttle performs a flyaround of the station.

Three billion miles away from Earth, near the farthest reaches of our solar system, is the heavenly body with an extreme orbit known for 76 years as Pluto. Discovered by astronomers in 1930, Pluto was considered the ninth planet in our solar system until 2006 -- when, after much debate, it was reclassified by the International Astronomical Union as a "dwarf planet," officially dropping its name -- for a number. Denis Bogan, New Horizons Program Scientist: "Well, it certainly doesnt affect Pluto. Pluto is the same thing it was before it was discovered, before it was given a name, and before the name was changed." Nor does Pluto's reclassification change the importance of NASA's first mission to study it. Launch Announcer: "We have ignition and lift off of NASAs New Horizon spacecraft on a decade-long" Launched in January 2006, the thousand-pound New Horizons spacecraft will travel through space for 9-1/2 years before meeting up with Pluto in the summer of 2015. Denis Bogan: "The last time Pluto was in this position in its orbit was during the French and Indian War. It takes 248 Earth years to travel around its orbit and come back to the same place again. At the speed of light, sending a radio signal back from the spacecraft, from Pluto to Earth, will take 4-1/2 hours." Operating on less power than a pair of common 100-watt light bulbs, New Horizons will map the highest-interest areas of Pluto to a resolution of 50 meters, less than the length of a football field -- three billion miles away. Itll then move on to survey Pluto's neighborhood: the atmosphere, ancient materials and small bodies of the Kuiper Belt, a chaotic region astrophysicists believe can tell us how Earth, the planets, even our sun were made. Denis Bogan: "We have primitive material chunks of rock and ice, millions of objects of objects out there in the Kuiper Belt and we know very little about it. We didnt discover it until 1992." Traveling 3 billion miles to frozen, rocky Pluto and its environs, New Horizon is, in a way, going back in time to the chemical building blocks of the solar system, and life. To learn more about the New Horizons mission visit www.nasa.gov

The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) was a joint mission between NASA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) that operated from 1997 to 2015. TRMM was designed to study and monitor tropical rainfall and its associated processes on a global scale. The mission's primary instrument was the Precipitation Radar (PR), which provided detailed measurements of precipitation within storm systems. TRMM also carried a suite of passive microwave radiometers to measure the intensity and distribution of rainfall, as well as a Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS) to observe cloud properties. TRMM significantly advanced our understanding of tropical rainfall patterns, severe weather phenomena, and the global water cycle. The data collected by the mission helped to improve weather forecasts, climate models, and water resource management strategies. While the TRMM mission ended in 2015, its legacy and impact on tropical rainfall research continue to influence future satellite missions and scientific investigations.

Apollo 8 astronauts discuss their historic flight at the Newseum as the flight's 40th anniversary approaches.

With each new probe to a neighboring planet, with each new science mission to study our sun, the moon, another heavenly body, we add to our growing knowledge and understanding of our solar system. Yet, as weve come to know much of how things are in our small corner of the cosmos, were still in search of one fundamental answer. What are the boundaries of our Solar System? What of the areas that surround and separate us from what lies beyond? Willis S Jenkins: "We would like to look beyond what other missions have accomplished and have done such as voyager 1 and 2." From the sun flows the solar wind. It inflates the bubble surrounding our solar system. This heliosphere protects Earth, and every living thing on our planet, from dangerous galactic cosmic rays. But how? How does the heliospehere interact with the harsh environment of the Milky Way galaxy to keep us safe? A new mission, IBEX, the Interstellar Boundary Explorer, is about to search for answers. Willis S Jenkins: "The outer boundary that we have now we kind of defined it through again previous missions. We have somewhat of a clear picture, but this would go again. This would be a better definition of where it is." IBEX will go into orbit 200-thousand miles above the Earth most of the way to the moon. Itll use a pair of atom sensors thatll act as cameras. Theyll produce first-of-its-kind images depicting the interactions between the million mile-per-hour solar wind and the interstellar medium, the low-density material between the stars. Every six months, IBEX will complete an all-sky map of the interstellar boundaries, telling us more about they work, and how they protect us all. Willis S Jenkins: "As we go out to explore out in to mars and going back to the moon, we want to know what those effects are as we go through these various areas within space." To keep up on the latest news about IBEX and its scheduled October 5th launch, learn more about the heliosphere, or watch informative videos about the mission, visit www.nasa.gov/ibex.

The sun is the source of life-sustaining energy here on Earth. Much of how it works - and affects us -- remains a source of scientific mystery. Sunspots were first recorded by humans in the 16-hundreds. Astrophysicists have since linked heightened sunspot activity with the solar wind. It's a million-mile-an-hour force of magnetically-charged particles emanating from the sun's upper atmosphere. Ebbing and flowing in minimum and maximum intensities over eleven year cycles, this so-called space weather can seriously affect how things work here on Earth, such as disrupting satellite communications, telephone service and personal electronics. Arik Posner, Program Scientist: "It would help our technology, to safeguard the technology by knowing when and in what intensity space weather occurs and where these effects might show up" Launch Announcer : "2 -1 ignition and liftoff of Discovery and the Ulysses spacecraft bound for the polar regions of the sun." Until the launch of Ulysses from space shuttle Discovery in 1990, data for understanding and predicting space weather had come from a limited sampling area: the plane extending from the suns equator. Ulysses has since made three orbits above and below the poles of the sun, vastly expanding the territory from where raw space weather data are gathered. Arik Posner: "So Ulysses was really the first spacecraft that leaped out of this confinement, and it gives us a view of the global heliosphere." Ulysses has found that the solar minimum were in right now is producing the lowest levels of solar wind seen since accurate readings became available a half-century ago. But for heliophysicists, these data raise as many questions as they answer. Arik Posner: "The Space Age is only 50 years now, and the Sun just operates on longer time scales than these 50 years. So we might have just glimpsed just the surface of what is really going on." By expanding its reach, both in time and space, Ulysses is helping the discipline of space weather prediction grow beyond its infancy for the betterment of life here on Earth. For more about Ulysses, the heliosphere, and space weather, log onto: www.nasa.gov/missions and click on 'Ulysses.'

Clouds have forever held the imagination of skygazers who are captivated by their endless beauty and seeming randomness. But clouds, and whats in them, also hold fascination for scientists who seek to understand the many effects they have on life here on Earth. Hal Maring, Program Scientist, CALIPSO: "Low clouds, which are white, can reflect sunlight and cause cooling of the Earth, and high clouds tend to warm the Earth by absorbing and re-radiating warmth back into the atmosphere." Launch Announcer: "2-1 We have ignition and we have lift-off of NASAs Calipso/Cloudsat spacecraft." Since its launch in April 2006, the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation mission, CALIPSO, has provided new insight into the role that clouds play in regulating our climate. As CALIPSO orbits the Earth, its light detection and ranging, or lidar system, emits short pulses of green and infrared light, producing a 300-feet wide snapshot of what's in the atmosphere from top to bottom -- clouds and airborne particles. Snapshots collected along the same orbit are then streamed together to paint a picture of what a vertical slice of our atmosphere looks like. Hal Maring: "Its basically a large laser range finder, and it shoots light down into the atmosphere. And, its able to detect and measure, clouds in the vertical .Not like a photograph, which tends to be two-dimensional, but gives us vertical curtains of measurements of clouds, i.e., their altitude." These critical cloud data from CALIPSO are used with information gathered by other satellites in NASAs A-train constellation of Earth-observing spacecraft to quantify just how much sunlight reaches the planet -- and how much gets radiated back into space. This so-called energy budget is a key to documenting and understanding climate change. Hal Maring: "We have found, it appears as though, the Earth is warming and its warming because of an imbalance or a change in the Earths energy budget." To see and learn more about CALIPSOs cloud images, or how CALIPSOs also helping scientists understand how climate may be changed by naturally-occurring and manmade particulates in the atmosphere called aerosols, go to www.nasa.gov/missions and click on "CALIPSO."

Celebrating the 40th anniversary of Apollo 8, astronauts Frank Borman, James Lovell and William Anders discuss the flight. Part 2 of 3