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We’re recruiting for our next class of NASA astronauts. Selected candidates could fly on Artemis missions to the Moon and, eventually, Mars. Will you be one of them? Applications are open from March 5 through April 2, 2024. Read the requirements and start your application by visiting https://go.nasa.gov/astro2024 . Don't think you have what it takes? There's no such thing as a typical astronaut. We’re seeking out team players, passionate people, candidates who thrive under pressure and excel in what they do. The universe is calling. Explore with us.

Humans emit billions of tons of CO2 into the atmosphere every year. Even following the most optimistic predictions, we'll need to remove co2 from the air via carbon capture in order to keep the climate in check. Currently, many of the ways we go about capturing CO2 from the air are slow, inefficient, and expensive, but as time goes on, these methods of carbon dioxide removal are becoming cheaper and more scalable as carbon capture technology becomes more prominent. So today we're going to look at six ways scientists pull CO2 out of the air. Hopefully, with these methods, we'll be able to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and clean the world.

After you eat a family-sized bag of chips or an entire footlong from Subway, you might feel pretty big, but I’m here to tell you, thankfully, you’re nowhere near the size of some of the largest objects in our universe. Mankind has built up some truly amazing things; the empire state building, the Sydney Opera House, the Three Gorges Dam, my faith that maybe the next Fast and Furious movie won’t suck. All true marvels of engineering and willpower, but even these massive feats pale in comparison to what the natural world can put together. But the biggest of the big is yet to come. At approximately 10 billion light-years across it’s longest length, the Hercules-Corona (no relation) Borealis Great Wall, also known as the Great GRB wall, stretches across 10% of the observable universe. For comparison, our Milky Way Galaxy only spans some 100,000 light-years. Discovered in 2013, the Great GRB Wall is a massive superstructure of gas, dust, and dark matter containing billions of galaxies and more than twice the size of the prior largest known object, the Huge-LQG [Large Quasar Group]. And the Great GRB is the biggest largest know structure in the galaxy! Now you may be wondering if this great wall contains billions of galaxies, why does it count as one big thing, and not a bunch of smaller, but still massive things. By that logic couldn’t you just arbitrarily add more and more galaxies together to get an even bigger object? Well, you’re not wrong, but what makes the Great GRB Wall unique is that this supercluster is home to a group of tightly packed gamma-ray burst sources in much higher abundance than we see in the normal background of space, and it’s separated spatially from everything around it, making the Hercules Corona Borealis Wall the biggest thing in existence.

What Would Happen if You Went 30 Days Without Eating?: Everyone knows you need to eat to live and many even live to eat. Food is the fuel that powers our bodies, but could you go without it? Sure most people could go a few hours or even a few days if they really wanted to, but what would happen if you went a whole month without eating. According to health.gov the average woman needs between 1,600 and 2,400 calories a day and the average man between 2,000 to 3,000 just to maintain their body weight. This is obviously just a rough guide, and the actual amount depends on a handful of factors, like age, weight, height, and activity levels. The longest known fast began in 1971, when a 27-year-old man survived for 382 days on just vitamins, electrolytes, and zero-calorie beverages like tea and water. Over those 13 months, he lost more than 250 pounds, shrinking from 456 to 180 pounds. But fasting can be very dangerous. In 1981, Irish republican prisoners refused food for more than two months before dying, and in 2010, a Florida woman on a water-only religious fast died after only 26 days. If you noticed, the difference between 26 days and 382 is pretty huge, and the time you can go without eating mostly comes down to your starting body profile and a few tricks you can do to last longer. So for the sake of our discussion what would happen to a healthy, active, 160 pound person if they stopped eating for a month.

This video walks you through the worlds hardest riddile. Are you smart enough to solve it? You're stranded on an alien planet and come across three gods. They'll help you get home but first you need to call them by their names. Their names are Truth, Liar, and Random. You can ask them three 'yes' or 'no' questions to figure out who's who, but they'll respond in their native language with 'da' or 'va' (and you don't know which word means what). If you have any know it all friends, send them this video to see how smart they really are. And if someone sent you this video, well, I guess you should stop acting like a know it all. If you like the video or have any other video ideas you want to see us make, let us know in the comments section (it really helps us smaller channels).

The REAL Longest Walkable Distance on Earth: What is the longest walkable distance on Earth? If you’ve been on YouTube for a while you might have seen those videos by HAI and RealLifeLore about the furthest distance you can walk. Unfortunately, they were both dead wrong. You see, what they didn't realize is that the bearing straight, the body of water between Russia ad Alaska, occasionally freezes over, allowing you to walk right across it. Factoring in this crossing, you can actually walk all the way from South Africa, up to Russia, across the bearing straight, and all the way down the Americas to the tip of South America. One journey that took 37,526 km taking you through some of the most dangerous countries in the world, frigid Russian and Alaskan tundras, and South American jungles filled with dangerous animals and plenty of drug smugglers. And while this route seems crazy, two adventures, Karl Busby and Dimitri Kieffer are actually trying it, and they've already completed around half of it. And yes I know RealLifeLore's video was about the longest drivable distance and HAI's video specifically said they only looked at the longest route according to Google Maps, I just thought that made for a good intro.

What Would Life look like on Alien Worlds? When we search the cosmos for life, we usually look for planets that look like Earth, after all, if Earth can support life why couldn’t a similar planet. But not all planets look like Earth, some are much hotter and others much smaller. With the diversity of planets, it's worth asking, what would life look like on alien worlds? We'll discuss two worlds. Atlas: 5,000 light-years away lies a ringed world more than double the size of Earth with twice as much gravity. Janus: Imagine a planet in such a close orbit, that its rotation is locked by the star's gravity so it always shows the same face to its sun, like how we only ever see one side of the Moon. Under such different circumstances, how would life adapt to such extreme worlds? Despite light-years between planets, life across the universe needs the same basics to survive, food and a reason to reproduce. Despite the vast differences in lifeforms, these common needs could result in some remarkable similarities across the cosmos. This video was based on the Series Alien Worlds on Netflix, I definitely recommend giving it a watch. If you like this video and want to see a part two on what life would look like on two more imaginary worlds, be sure to let us know in the comments section below. And remember, there is always, more to learn.

Will the Internet ever be faster than FedEx? If you want to mail something to your friend across the country, the best FedEx can do is overnight delivery, but you can send them an email and they’ll get it in seconds and it won’t cost you $70! But for big companies, it's the opposite. They regularly ship data across the country and around the world. If you added up all the internet traffic today, it would come out to 167 terabits per second. FedEx has a fleet of 669 aircraft mostly made up of Cessna 208Bs, and Airbus A300’s and A310’s. Altogether, their fleet has a combined lift capacity of 26.5 million pounds daily. Top-of-the-line SSD’s have a storage density of up to 160 terabytes per kilogram, which means a FedEx fleet loaded with SSD cards could transfer about 177 petabits per second, a thousand times the internet’s current traffic level.

How Fast Can You REALLY Circumnavigate the World on Commercial Flights? If you’ve ever wanted to set a world record and have $5,000 dollars just lying around, well I have some good news for you. You can set the record for the fastest circumnavigation of the world all on regularly scheduled commercial flights. The current record holder is David Springett, a former insurance broker from the UK. His route took him from Los Angeles to London to Bahrain to Singapore, to Bangkok, to Manila, to Tokyo, to Honolulu, and finally back to Los Angeles all in 44 hours and 6 minutes. He had a pretty big advantage; the Concorde. This record has stood the test of time for more than 40 years, but today, the rise of long-haul flights, allows you to beat in Spinrgetts supersonic record. Watch the video to learn more!

How the US Lost 6 Nuclear Weapons: Today, US government admits to 32 Broken Arrow accidents with 6 nuclear weapons lost that were never recovered. With thousands of nuclear warheads, it's easy to misplace a few; This is the US's nuclear problem. The United States military takes extreme caution and protocol when transporting nuclear weapons, but that doesn't mean accidents haven't happened in the past. And a nuclear accident sounds like the worst accident of all time. From missing B-47's to sunken nuclear bombers, these are some of America's most interesting nuclear accidents/broken arrows.

How Will You Die? So you want to know how you're going to die? What a fun thing to search up on YouTube... Most likely it will be your heart or cancer (they make up nearly 1 in 2 deaths). Between heart disease, cancer, heart attacks, strokes, and accidents that covers about 60% of deaths. Alzheimer's, diabetes, and Pneumonia make up about a quarter of the remaining causes. But if all that sounds scary, we also have some more interesting ways to die; like drowning in the bath, falling out of bed, being eaten by a shark, and even being killed by a flying champagne cork. Watch the video to find out more

How Columbus Weaponized an Eclipse: Was Columbus a good guy? Well, here's a story for you: After discovering the New World by accident in 1492, Columbus had undertaken three more voyages back to the Americas, mostly in search gold and silver to recover the cost of the previous voyages. Hearing Panama was rich with gold, probably by some natives who wanted him to go there instead, Columbus traveled to Central America. Between his ships being attacked by pirates and eaten away by shipworms, he was forced to land in Jamaica. Columbus got into some trouble with the natives, and after a while they refused to keep helping him. So Columbus did what any normal person would do, use his knowledge of an impending eclipse to scare the sh!t out of some Native Americans. Long story short, he used the eclipse to convince the natives God was angry at them and he wanted them to keep giving Columbus free stuff. Clearly, Columbus didn't treat the Native Americans well. Watch the full video to find out more!

Ever wanted to start your own country? Be your own king? Well, there's one place in the world you might actually be able to do that; Bir Tawil. After a few hundred years of imperialism, major world superpowers have pretty much grabbed every bit of land that covers the earth’s surface. But when Britain was snatching up land, they really messed up the borders. So much so that today Egypt and Sudan officially recognize two separate borders, and tucked in between is a piece of land neither claim. Bir Tawil is South of Egypt’s border—so Egypt thinks it's part of Sudan, but it’s also north of Sudan's Border—so Sudan thinks it’s part of Egypt. This doesn’t really create many problems though, because there’s a whopping zero people living in Bir Tawil. So if you want to start your own country, the land is just there for the taking.

The space force was created at the end of 2019 officially to govern the US’s fleet of military satellites that form the backbone of U.S. global military operations. You might remember it because of your love of space or because of the endless amount of memes it generated. You see the space force can hire humans to boldly go where no humans have gone before. But they do that aboard rockets, and there are some places not even rockets can go. So for this, they have horses to boldly go where rockets can’t. Vandenberg Air Force Base is the third-largest airbase in America. Located in southern California. The nearly 100,000 [99,600] acre base has incredibly varied terrain, from hills to farmland to California beaches. But that terrain is apparently too varied for all the military vehicles the space force has at its disposal, so instead, they turned to horses. Their latest addition, a five year old mustang named Ghost, joined the space forces elite regiment in 2020. Want to learn more, watch the video1

That Time the Empire State Building was Stolen (for 24 hours) New York City is home to a lot of things, including the largest heist ever. Because of a loophole in New York City's system for keeping track of who owns what properties, thieves at the NY Daily News were able to get away with the iconic $2.4 billion Empire State Building (until they returned it 24 hours later) (the most expensive heist in history). Watch the video to see how they did it!

When we search the cosmos for life, we usually look for planets that look like Earth, after all, if Earth can support life why couldn’t a similar planet. But not all planets look like Earth, some are much hotter and others much smaller. With the diversity of planets, it's worth asking, what would life look like on alien worlds? We'll discuss two worlds. Eden: A planet like ours orbiting not one star, but two. This is Eden. The light from its twin stars powers photosynthesis, pumping oxygen into the atmosphere. How would life evolve to live on such an extremely oxygenated world? Terra: A planet 9 billion years old, twice as old as earth. Old enough that a truly advanced civilization could have evolved. Like Earth, it was once a fertile world. Now it’s barren. But life can still thrive here in artificial domes. Under such different circumstances, how would life adapt to such extreme worlds? Despite light-years between planets, life across the universe needs the same basics to survive, food and a reason to reproduce. Despite the vast differences in lifeforms, these common needs could result in some remarkable similarities across the cosmos. This video was based on the Series Alien Worlds on Netflix, I definitely recommend giving it a watch. Check out part 1 here: • What Would Life look like on Alien Wo...

In 1980 the Secretary of Defense Harold Brown gathered reporters at the Pentagon and announced to the world the existence of a new technology called ‘stealth’. From there stealth technology has rapidly advanced, from the experimental planes of WW1 to the Sr-71 blackbird to modern stealth fighters like the F-22. And now foreign nations like Russia and China are even stealing American stealth designs. Watch the video to learn the whole story! If you like these 'X explained in under 5 minute' videos or have any other video ideas you want to see us make, let us know in the comments section (it really helps us smaller channels).

So everyone loves bitcoin right? Well, the planet. Bitcoin is single-handedly one of the world's most energy intensive currencies. Just one transaction uses more energy than a 600k visa transaction and has the same carbon footprint as 85,000 hours of watching youtube, or what a 15-year-old calls a normal weekend. Bitcoin today is barely used as a currency, but the transactions already use more energy than Netflix, Apple, Facebook, Microsoft, and Google combined. If only 10% of the world’s monetary transactions were done on bitcoin that would use as much electricity as the US and China combined or the same as every country in the world minus China and the US. The same energy consumption as 193 countries representing nearly 6 billion people, all for only 10% of transactions. There is some bright side to all this. Etherum already uses less than 10% the energy per transaction as bitcoin, and it’s founder, Vitalki Buterin, is confident he’ll soon be able to drop the ornery consumption to 1/10,000th the current requirement which would bring it in line with credit card transactions. Whether or not they can pull this off remains to be seen. But until crypto turns the planet into a blazing inferno, dogecoin to the moon amiright?

The day before Christmas the James Webb Telescope took off from a spaceport in French Guiana. NASA originally envisioned a launch somewhere between 2007 and 2011, for a total cost between 1 billion and 3.5 billion dollars. But the James Webb Telescope continued to miss one launch date after the next, while its total cost ballooned to nearly 10 billion. With astronomers' and science lovers' hopes and dreams being carried to space along with it, it’s worth asking, who gets to control the world's most powerful telescope? While NASA put the telescope in orbit, the Space Telescope Science Institute, a consortium of 47 US institutions that operate telescopes and observatories around the world is the body that chooses who gets to use it. They sifted through the 1,173 proposal requests they had received for the observatory’s first year of life — known as Cycle 1- to decide who got time on the telescope. They made their decisions based on 3 criteria. 1. How much the proposal would impact knowledge within a selected subfield, 2. How much it would advance astronomy in general, and 3. whether the proposal really required the unique capabilities of the James Webb Telescope to be successful.

Saturday January 15th at 5:15 pm local time a volcano on the island of Hunga Tonga erupted sending a 5 km wide cloud of ash 20 km into the atmosphere. Loud explosions could be heard on islands up to 65 km away. From space, the erupting column of smoke and even atmospheric shockwaves were captured propagating across the Pacific Ocean. The eruption started a magnitude 5.8 earthquake and a tsunami that reached as far as the United States. Although by the time it got there waves were limited to only about 4 feet. But the Tonga explosion will have far more reaching consequences than what’s happened in the immediate aftermath. Preliminary observations showed that the eruption ejected a large amount of volcanic material into the stratosphere. Enough to cool the Earth, and at least temporarily, reverse man-made climate change in an event known as volcanic winter. Get ready for some extreme ice storms over the next few years, and if you live in Florida, you might want to buy your snow parkas now.

When we search the cosmos for life, we usually look for planets that look like Earth, after all, if Earth can support life why couldn’t a similar planet. But not all planets look like Earth, some are much hotter and others much smaller. With the diversity of planets, it's worth asking, what would life look like on alien worlds? We'll discuss three worlds. Zantar: a purple world. On Earth, plants use photosynthesis to convert sunlight into energy they can use, but on Zantar, plants use retinal. This gives life, and the entire planet, its a purple tint. But where are all the animals on Zantar? This planet is quiet. No animals roam its surface, no birds fly in its skies. Mayacroom, a fungus, has a death grip on the planet. Calax: instead of humans making Jurassic Park, imagine a world we could visit filled with dinosaur-like creatures. Thanks to a CO2-rich atmosphere, plants grow fast but have fewer nutrients than they do on Earth. This means herbivores have to have larger stomachs to eat enough food to keep them going. And carnivores need to be even larger to eat the herbivores. This means Calax is a planet filled with giant, dinosaur-like creatures. Titan: a giant rocky world home to unusual creators. Unlike life on Earth, that's based on carbon, life on Titan is silicon-based. See how that affects the life forms that evolved in the video.

In 1995, 14 wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. From there, those 14 wolves basically saved the entire park's collapsing ecosystem. This is the story behind the conservation of Yellowstone's wolves. On March 1, 1872, President Ulysses S. Grant signed the National Park Protection Act into law, creating the first national park: Yellowstone. The goal of creating the national park was to preserve the natural landscape and wildlife for generations to come. The creation of Yellowstone protected most of the native species, but it didn’t provide protection for most of the predators, like the native wolves. As a result, by 1926 all the Northern Rocky Mountain wolf packs had been hunted to extinction. The removal of the wolves had wide-reaching effects on the park's ecosystem, as the wolves' prey increased in population, and their prey shrinking. After decades, wolf conservation efforts began and wolves were reintroduced, and like the avatar, finally brought peace. The story of wolf conservation and the wolf ecosystem in Yellowstone is an interesting example of the importance of keystone species play in their habitats. On top of that, golden eagles had to be saved on the channel islands to help save the channel island fox from the brink of extinction.

We know the world is currently on a dangerous path. CO2 levels in our atmosphere are at more than 400 parts per million. Obviously, the world needs to reduce CO2 emissions, but at the end of the day, that might not be enough, so some companies have started fighting back. Here are five of the most promising startups in the fight against climate change. Startups Mentioned in the Video High Hopes Labs- Seeks to remove CO2 directly from the air (Direct Air Capture) but instead of doing it on the ground like everyone else, they want to do it 9 miles into the atmosphere where CO2 is almost at its freezing point, making it substantially easier [and more cost effective] to extract. CarbonCure- is injecting CO2 into cement as it’s mixed, to both strengthen the eventual structures it will form, and permanently trap CO2 and prevent it from being re-released into the atmosphere. AirCompany- Who says you can’t party and fight climate change at the same time? By using their patented technology, AirCo is turning CO2 into vodka and eventually wants to expand into other alcohols, jet fuel, and even sugar production. DeepBranch- Rather than deforestation for crops and invasive fishing, DeepBranch wants to produce nutrients for livestock by turning CO2 into protien. And since it can be done locally at the farms, it greatly reduces emissions associated with transporting livestock feed. LiquidWind- LiquidWind seeks to turn the wind into liquid….. And by that I mean convert CO2 into liquid fuel to power transportation, meaning less reliance on fossil fuels.

In 1945 two atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, killing 50,000 people each and unleashing 20 kilotons of TNT. The bombs dropped on Japan decimated entire cities, but the Tsar Bomba is 1,570 times more powerful. Since WW2 cities have only become denser and more populated, so it’s worth asking, what would an explosion of that size be due to some of today’s largest cities?

Julius Caesar died in 44 BC, 2,025 years 1 month and 3 days before the first shuttle took off from Launch Pad 39A in Cape Canaveral. But despite more than 2 millennia separating these events, the Romans actually played a huge role in designing the space shuttle and it all had to do with a horse's ass. To make a long story short. The 13 story tall boosters that helped the space shuttle get to space needed to pass through a tunnel. The size of that tunnel was determined by long ago when the tracks were first laid. And the gauge (the distance between the two tracks) was based on the British train tracks. And the British train tracks were based on the British trams. And the gauge of the British trams were based on the ruts in the old roads between English cities. And what caused those ruts? The wheels of Roman chariots. And so a decision by a roman emperor 2000 years in the past, ended up redesigning one of the most advanced vehicles we’ve ever made. Sometimes your decisions can have surprisingly wide-reaching consequences.