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NASA hosted a briefing to provide highlights from the first year-and-a-half of the Perseverance rover’s exploration of Mars. The rover landed in Mars’ Jezero Crater in February 2021 and is collecting samples of rock and other materials from the Martian surface. Perseverance is investigating the sediment-rich ancient river delta in the Red Planet’s Jezero Crater. Speakers: • Lori Glaze, director of NASA’s Planetary Science Division, NASA Headquarters • Laurie Leshin, JPL director • Rick Welch, Perseverance deputy project manager, JPL • Ken Farley, Perseverance project scientist, Caltech • Sunanda Sharma, Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman and Luminescence for Organics and Chemicals (SHERLOC) scientist, JPL • David Shuster, Perseverance returned sample scientist, University of California, Berkeley https://mars.nasa.gov #NASA #Space #Exploration #Planets #Perseverance #Mars #MarsRover #PerseveranceRover #SearchForLife #RedPlanet #JetPropulsionLaboratory #JPL #JezeroCrater #Astrobiology #SolarSystem #MarsSampleReturn (Original Air Date: Sept. 15, 2022)

These are our explorers. They're the people who will get us to the Moon, collect Moon rocks, deliver them to Earth safely, and ensure that we can study them for years to come. On episode one of “NASA Explorers: Artemis Generation," meet astronaut Jessica Watkins, engineer Adam Naids, Moon rock curator Julie Mitchell, and astrobiologist Jose Aponte. They each had a different path to NASA, from conducting hazardous kitchen chemistry experiments in Lima, Peru, to exploring the Louisiana Bayou, to dissecting a cow’s eye in a science program in Colorado. Each person is a vital part of NASA’s goal to conduct science on the Moon’s surface. Series Executive Producers: Katy Mersmann/Lauren Ward Season Producers: Lonnie Shekhtman/Stephanie Sipila/James Tralie/Molly Wasser Explorers: Jose Aponte/Natalie Curran/Julie Mitchell/Adam Naids/Noah Petro/Kelsey Young/Jessica Watkins Music: a. “Blackbird” by Magnum Opus b. “Optimistic Attitude 1” by Joel Goodman and Vicente Julio Ortiz Gimeno c. “By the Moonlit Lake” by Mark Choi d. “Beside You” by Dominic Marsh and Giovanni Tria e. “Playground Intrigue” by Brice Davoli f. “Momentous” by Le Fat Club and Olivier Grim Credit: NASA #NASAExplorers #Artemis #NASA

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory’s success in landing the low-cost Mars Pathfinder mission in 1997 was viewed as proof that spacecraft could be built more often and for far less money — a radical cultural change NASA termed “Faster, Better, Cheaper.” This era also coincided with the discovery of a Mars rock that hinted at the possibility of microbial life elsewhere in the solar system. NASA’s reaction was to envision a steady stream of missions to Mars — all done at cut-rate costs. In fact, the next challenge taken on by JPL was to fly two missions to Mars for the price of the single Pathfinder mission. Mars Climate Orbiter and the Mars Polar Lander both made it to the launch pad, on time and on budget, but were lost upon arrival at Mars, resulting in one of the most difficult periods in the history of JPL. “The Breaking Point” tells the story of the demise of these two missions and the abrupt end of NASA’s “Faster, Better, Cheaper” era. Documentary length: 1 hour 47 minutes

These are our explorers. They're the people who will get us to the Moon, collect Moon rocks, deliver them to Earth safely, and ensure that we can study them for years to come. On episode one of “NASA Explorers: Artemis Generation," meet astronaut Jessica Watkins, engineer Adam Naids, Moon rock curator Julie Mitchell, and astrobiologist Jose Aponte. They each had a different path to NASA, from conducting hazardous kitchen chemistry experiments in Lima, Peru, to exploring the Louisiana Bayou, to dissecting a cow’s eye in a science program in Colorado. Each person is a vital part of NASA’s goal to conduct science on the Moon’s surface. Series Executive Producers: Katy Mersmann/Lauren Ward Season Producers: Lonnie Shekhtman/Stephanie Sipila/James Tralie/Molly Wasser Explorers: Jose Aponte/Natalie Curran/Julie Mitchell/Adam Naids/Noah Petro/Kelsey Young/Jessica Watkins Music: a. “Blackbird” by Magnum Opus b. “Optimistic Attitude 1” by Joel Goodman and Vicente Julio Ortiz Gimeno c. “By the Moonlit Lake” by Mark Choi d. “Beside You” by Dominic Marsh and Giovanni Tria e. “Playground Intrigue” by Brice Davoli f. “Momentous” by Le Fat Club and Olivier Grim Credit: NASA #NASAExplorers #Artemis #NASA

NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) has one single instrument onboard – the Didymos Reconnaissance and Asteroid Camera for Optical Navigation, aka the DRACO camera. DRACO serves as the spacecraft’s eye and will guide DART to its final destination: impact with asteroid Dimorphos. The stream you’re watching is a real-time feed from the DART spacecraft enabled through the DRACO camera sending one image per second to Earth. For the DART impact broadcast with commentary, watch: https://youtu.be/4RA8Tfa6Sck In the hours before impact, the screen will appear mostly black, with a single point of light. That point is the binary asteroid system Didymos which is made up of a larger asteroid named Didymos and a smaller asteroid that orbits around it called Dimorphos. As the 7:14 p.m. EDT (23:14 UTC) impact of asteroid Dimorphos nears closer, the point of light will get bigger and eventually detailed asteroids will be visible. At 7:14 p.m., the DART spacecraft is slated to intentionally crash into asteroid Dimorphos. This stream will be delayed due to the time it takes the images to arrive at Earth, plus additional time for feeding the images to various platforms. For the most up-to-date DRACO camera feed, please tune into the NASA DART Impact Broadcast here: https://youtu.be/4RA8Tfa6Sck After impact, the feed will turn black – due to a loss of signal. After about 2 minutes, this stream will turn into a replay – showing the final moments leading up to impact. That replay file will also become available on NASA websites and social media accounts. DART is a spacecraft designed to impact an asteroid as a test of technology. DART’s target asteroid is NOT a threat to Earth. This asteroid system is a perfect testing ground to see if intentionally crashing a spacecraft into an asteroid is an effective way to change its course, should an Earth-threatening asteroid be discovered in the future.

Countdown to impact as NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) attempts humanity’s first-ever test of planetary defense! The DART spacecraft will intentionally crash into asteroid Dimorphos at 7:14 p.m. ET on Monday, September 26, 2022 to see if kinetic force can change its orbit. Why? If this test is successful, the same technique could be used to deflect an Earth-threatening asteroid in the future, should one ever be discovered. The #DARTMission's target asteroid is NOT a threat to Earth before, during or after the impact event.

When the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano erupted on Jan. 15, it sent a tsunami racing around the world and set off a sonic boom that circled the globe twice. The underwater eruption in the South Pacific Ocean also blasted an enormous plume of water vapor into Earth’s stratosphere – enough to fill more than 58,000 Olympic-size swimming pools. The sheer amount of water vapor could be enough to temporarily affect Earth’s global average temperature. So outside of its sheer magnitude, what makes this eruption so unique? Well, it’s really a matter of our ability to see it through NASA and ESA satellites. Music credit: “Color Chart” and “Bright Horizons” from Universal Production Music Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Emily Watkins (GSFC Interns): Lead Producer Kathleen Gaeta(GSFC AIMMS): Producer Dr. James Garvin (NASA Chief Scientist Goddard): Lead Scientist This video can be freely shared and downloaded at https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14214. While the video in its entirety can be shared without permission, the music and some individual imagery may have been obtained through permission and may not be excised or remixed in other products. Specific details on such imagery may be found

As they orbited above Earth early in the morning on Feb. 26, 2023, NASA astronauts Josh Cassada, Nicole Mann, and JAXA astronaut Koichi Wakata spotted these glowing auroras from the cupola of the International Space Station. Cassada and Mann captured this time-lapse video of the Northern Lights a day later. Listen to Cassada describe the experience in an interview conducted on the station: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-FfTKo6DTaU&t=676s Credit: NASA

This broadcast features numerous Moon-themed videos and presentations in celebration of International Observe the Moon Night 2022. International Observe the Moon Night is a time to come together with fellow Moon enthusiasts and curious people worldwide to learn about lunar science and exploration, take part in celestial observations, and honor cultural and personal connections to the Moon. This broadcast showcases videos about NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Mission, Apollo 17, VIPER and the Artemis missions, as well as video submissions from those celebrating this night around the world. For more information on International Observe the Moon Night, visit: moon.nasa.gov/observe Video Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center Production Produced, Directed & Edited by: David Ladd Host: Andrea Jones Studio assistants: John Philyaw, Alex Velle, Dan Gallagher Event Support: Staci Tiedeken, Molly Wasser, Caela Barry International Observe the Moon Night Graphics: Vi Nguyen This video can be freely shared and downloaded at https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14216. Video Compilation Credits: 1) Happy International Observe the Moon Night Music Provided by Universal Production Music: "Moonlit Night" - Justyna Kelley Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Producer/Editor: David Ladd Stock footage: Pond5.com View at: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13695 2) 13 Years and More at the Moon Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Produced/Edited by: David Ladd Data Visualization: Ernie Wright Spacecraft Animations: Adriana Manrique Gutierrez Music provided by Universal Production Music: "We're Getting Started" - Frederick Kron; "Whoop It Up" - Paul Joseph Smith. View at https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14171. Watch on Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IWdx-bWfSRw&list=PL9DE209C6A2FCC661&index=2 3) NASA’s Moon Trek Portal: Ariadaeus Rille Producer/Editor: Brian Day 4) Moon Inspired Art Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center Music provided by Universal Production Music: “Lost in Dreams” – Adam Fox 5) Jack Schmitt: From Apollo 17 to LRO Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Lacey Young Music Provided by Universal Production Music: "From Small Beginnings" - Jay Price. View at: http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12705 6) NASA’s Moon Trek Portal: Apollo 17 Taurus-Littrow Producer/editor: Brian Day 7) Unboxing Apollo Samples Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center James Tralie: Producer/Editor/Videographer Nancy Neal-Jones: Public Affairs Officer Rob Andreoli: Videographer Jamie Cook: Scientist Anna Lassmann: Public Affairs Natalie Curran: Scientist Music Provided by Universal Production Music: "Acid Test" by Anders Johan Greger Lewen and "Secret Hours" by Magnum Opus. This video can be freely shared and downloaded at https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14147. Watch on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tF5UCvEA1q8 8) Collecting and Curating Moon Rocks: Apollo to Artemis Credit: Astromaterials Research & Exploration Science (ARES) at NASA’s Johnson Space Center 9) Moonlight Credit: NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio Data Visualizations by: Ernie Wright Wade Sisler: Producer Noah Petro: Scientist This video can be downloaded from the Scientific Visualization Studio at: http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4655 Watch on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zNpsy6lBPBw 10) NASA to Send Science Experiments on Artemis I Credit: NASA Producers: Jessica Wilde, Sami Aziz, Scott Bednar Videographer: Frank Michaux 11) Artemis III Landing Region Candidates Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center Video Produced & Edited by: David Ladd Visualizations by: Ernie Wright LRO spacecraft animations by: Adriana Manrique Gutierrez Orion/Artemis I animation by: Liam Yanulis Narration: Lauren Ward Music by Universal Production Music: “Best Days to Come” – Matteo Pagamici & Max Molling View and download at https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5013. Watch on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ocDzndmmE8I 12) NASA’s VIPER Prototype Motors Through Moon-like Obstacle Course. Credit: NASA Ames Research Center 13) NASA Explorers: Artemis Generation - Trailer Produced & Edited by James Traile Visualizations by: Ernie Wright Videographers: John Caldwell, Rob Andreoli Download at https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14205 14) NASA’s Moon Trek: Lacus Mortis Produced and Edited by: Brian Day 15) What is Exciting to You About the Moon? Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center Music By Universal Production Music: “Spread our Wings” – Ben Beiny 16) The Moon and More Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Video Produced & Edited by: David Ladd Videography by David Ladd & Robert Andreoli Music: "The Moon and More" - Written, produced, and performed by Javier Colon and Matt Cusson. Bass by Uriah Duffy. Audio Mix & Mastering by Jack Deboe. Javier Colon appears courtesy of Concord Records.

Meet NASA’s rock detectives. Using tiny samples of lunar rock brought back by Apollo astronauts, these NASA Explorers are looking into the origins of our Moon, our planet, and ourselves. They might be among the first scientists to study samples from the Moon’s South Pole that will be delivered to Earth by Artemis astronauts. In episode 2 of “NASA Explorers: Artemis Generation,” we’re joining scientists like Natalie Curran and Jose Aponte, who are looking at clues buried in Moon rocks. Series Executive Producers: Katy Mersmann/Lauren Ward Season Producers: Lonnie Shekhtman/Stephanie Sipila/James Tralie/Molly Wasser Explorers: Natalie Curran/Jose Aponte Music: 1. “Darwin’s Extraordinary Journey” by Laurent Dury 2. “From Small Beginnings” by Jay Price 3. “Life Eternal” by Enrico Cacace and Lorenzo Castellarin 4. “All is Good” by Anders Niska and Klas Johan Wahl 5. “Hyperion” by Gresby Race Nash Credit: NASA #NASAExplorers #Artemis #NASA

NASA's next outer solar system mission, Europa Clipper, will gather detailed measurements of Jupiter’s moon Europa. Scientists think the intriguing moon may contain a salty ocean below a miles-thick ice shell, and the Europa Clipper mission - which is scheduled for launch in 2024 - will investigate whether it could have conditions suitable for life. Join us Sept 28th at 1:00 pm PT for a live Q&A from JPL's High Bay 1 clean room and see Europa Clipper up close in the early stages of assembly. We'll discuss what we want to learn from Europa and what kind of instruments we will use to explore it with project staff scientist Cynthia Phillips and project system engineer Jennifer Dooley. ✨ For more about the mission

This broadcast features numerous Moon-themed videos and presentations in celebration of International Observe the Moon Night 2022. International Observe the Moon Night is a time to come together with fellow Moon enthusiasts and curious people worldwide to learn about lunar science and exploration, take part in celestial observations, and honor cultural and personal connections to the Moon. This broadcast showcases videos about NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Mission, Apollo 17, VIPER and the Artemis missions, as well as video submissions from those celebrating this night around the world. For more information on International Observe the Moon Night

The DART mission deployed a kinetic impactor to smack the small moon Dimorphos of the asteroid Didymos on the evening of Sept. 26. This was an on-orbit demonstration of asteroid deflection, a key test of NASA's kinetic impactor technology, designed to impact an asteroid to adjust its speed and path. This particular asteroid moon is NOT a threat to Earth, but is technology being explored to use for when we DO find a potentially hazardous asteroid. The Hubble Space Telescope captured these extraordinary views of the asteroid moon soon after the successful impac

A new NASA and Durham University simulation puts forth a different theory of the Moon’s origin – the Moon may have formed in a matter of hours, when material from the Earth and a Mars sized-body were launched directly into orbit after the impact. The simulations used in this research are some of the most detailed of their kind, operating at the highest resolution of any simulation run to study the Moon’s origins or other giant impacts

There may not be any humans aboard NASA's #Artemis I flight test, but there will be a special canine: Snoopy! Learn why Astronaut Snoopy is flying to space when Artemis launches on its historic mission around the Moon and back. Artemis I is the first integrated flight test of the Space Launch System rocket that will send the uncrewed Orion spacecraft around the Moon and back to Earth. The mission will check out all spacecraft systems for the first time before crew fly aboard Artemis II. It's one more step toward taking the next giant leap: sending the first astronauts to Mars. Get all the info on this historic mission: https://nasa.gov/specials/artemis-i The history of Snoopy and NASA: https://go.nasa.gov/3cNgB65 Producers: Scott Bednar, Jessica Wilde, Sami Aziz Videographer: Ben Smegelsky Credit: NASA

Are hurricanes getting stronger? Although we’ll never see a Category 6 hurricane, data does show that more hurricanes are becoming more severe. Hurricane and climate expert Mara Cordero-Fuentes of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center tells us more about the connection between climate change and tropical cyclones.

Our #Crew5 mission to the International Space Station is targeted for liftoff at noon EDT (1600 UTC) Wednesday, Oct. 5, 2022, from Launch Complex 39A at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. NASA astronauts Nicole Mann and Josh Cassada, as well as JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) astronaut Koichi Wakata and Roscosmos cosmonaut Anna Kikina, will launch aboard their Dragon Endurance spacecraft atop a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. For the latest updates: https://blogs.nasa.gov/commercialcrew Find crew bios and more information about the science launching with Crew-5 at https://go.nasa.gov/3SNgdr2 Credit: NASA

Before Jessica Watkins was an astronaut, she was a geologist. Now working on the International Space Station, Jessica and her fellow astronauts are preparing to explore the Moon and beyond. But collecting and investigating rocks on other worlds is very different from digging dirt here on Earth. That’s where tools engineer Adam Naids comes in. Tools designed for Earth geologists may not work in the lower gravity and extreme temperatures of the Moon, and that’s before you bring in the bulky spacesuits! NASA Explorers come together at space school to train astronauts to conduct science on the Moon. Series Executive Producers: Katy Mersmann/Lauren Ward Season Producers: Lonnie Shekhtman/Stephanie Sipila/James Tralie/Molly Wasser Explorers: Jessica Watkins/Adam Naids/Kelsey Young Music: a. “Iced Planet” by Anthony Edwin Phillips and Samuel Karl Bohn b. “The Deep” by Paul Werner c. “Carpe Diem” by Michael James Burns d. “State of Matter” by Markus Gleissner e. “A Grand Enterprise” by Daniel Marantz and Dave Carr f. “Optimistic Attitude 1" by Joel Goodman and Vicente Julio Ortiz Gimeno g. “Dawn Beauty” Laurent Dury h. “Take it Lightly” by Carl David Harms i. “Imaginary Travel” by Claude Pelouse and Olivier Grim Credit: NASA #NASAExplorers #Artemis #NASA

After months aboard the International Space Station, the astronauts of NASA’s SpaceX Crew-4 mission are returning home. Traveling back to Earth inside a SpaceX Dragon capsule are NASA astronauts Kjell Lindgren, Robert Hines, and Jessica Watkins, along with ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti. During their time aboard the orbiting laboratory, these crew members contributed to ongoing and new scientific investigations and technology demonstrations, work that is helping to prepare humans for future space exploration missions and generating innovations and benefits for humanity on Earth. Learn more: https://go.nasa.gov/3Sv0vkE Credit: NASA #space #iss #spacex

An image from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope reveals a remarkable sight: at least 17 concentric dust rings emanating from a pair of stars located about 5,300 light-years from Earth. Each ring was created when the stars came close together and their colliding stellar winds (streams of gas they blow into space) caused some of the gas to compress into dust. Collectively known as Wolf-Rayet 140, the stars’ orbits bring them together about once every eight years, so just like the growth rings of a tree trunk, these dusty loops mark the passage of time: The 17 rings reveal more than a century of stellar interactions. And while other Wolf-Rayet stars produce dust, no other pair is known to produce rings quite like Wolf-Rayet 140. Because the stars’ orbits are elliptical rather than circular, the distance between the stars changes constantly, and dust forms only when they are close. The amount of dust produced by this interaction varies, so the system doesn’t form a perfect bullseye. One of the densest regions of dust production creates the bright feature repeating at 2 o’clock. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech For more information about the Webb telescope’s mission, visit: https://www.nasa.gov/webb

Set far away from residents and surrounded by dunes, the Remote Hypervelocity Test Laboratory at NASA’s White Sands Test Facility in Las Cruces, New Mexico, has supported every human spaceflight program from the Space Shuttle to Artemis. A team designing shields to protect NASA's Mars Earth Entry System from micrometeorites and space debris traveled to this facility to safely recreate dangerous impacts, and to test the team’s shields and computer models. Video Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center James Tralie (ADNET): Lead Producer Lead Editor Videographer Sam Molleur (NASA/JPL): Producer Videographer Dave Hendon (NASA/White Sands): White Sands Videographer Support Marcus Sandy (NASA/White Sands): Manager, White Sands Hypervelocity Testing Dennis Garcia (NASA/White Sands): .50-Caliber Test Conductor Russ Stein (NASA/Goddard): Micrometeoroid Protection System Product Design Lead Bruno Sarli (NASA/Goddard): System Engineer for CCRS Art Pardo (NASA/White Sands): White Sands Lead Electrical Technician Animations from NASA/CILabs, NASA/JPL, and ESA Music is "Tumbleweed" by Paul Osborne, "Old as the Hills" by Matthieu Ouaki, and "Texas Moon" by Anders Johan Greger Lewen of Universal Production Music. This video can be freely shared and downloaded at https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14219. While the video in its entirety can be shared without permission, the music and some individual imagery may have been obtained through permission and may not be excised or remixed in other products. Specific details on such imagery may be found here: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14219. For more information on NASA’s media guideline

When Artemis astronauts land on the Moon, they’ll travel to sites never before visited by humans. Namely, they'll explore the South Pole region, home to the Moon’s largest crater, areas of near-constant light and deep shadows, and some of the coldest temperatures in the solar system. Exploring the South Pole will teach us more about the Moon’s history, as well as the history of our solar system. It's home to frozen water, which is crucial for living sustainably on the lunar surface and exploring deeper into the solar system. Artemis astronauts will explore the Moon on behalf of all of us and bring back lunar rocks and soil for analyses by generations of scientists who will help us gain unimaginable insights into our cosmic history. Series Executive Producers: Katy Mersmann/Lauren Ward Season Producers: Lonnie Shekhtman/Stephanie Sipila/James Tralie/Molly Wasser Explorers: Jose Aponte/Natalie Curran/Julie Mitchell/Adam Naids/Noah Petro/Kelsey Young/Jessica Watkins Music: a. “Daylight Falls” by Jay Price b. “Good Omens” by Count Zero and Rohan Stevenson c. “Lightspeed” by Gresby Race Nash d. “Wonders of Life” by Enrico Cacace and Lorzeno Castellarin e. “Hold Still” by Enrico Cacace f. “We Shall Overcome” by Laurent Couson Credit: NASA #NASAExplorers #Artemis #NASA-

The astronauts of Crew-4 have undocked from the International Space Station and are on their way home to Earth. Watch live with NASA as the Dragon spacecraft Freedom reenters the atmosphere and splashes down off the coast of Florida. Splashdown is targeted for 4:55 p.m. EDT (2055 UTC), Friday, Oct. 14. NASA astronauts Kjell Lindgren, Jessica Watkins, Bob Hines, and ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti spent five and a half months living and working aboard the orbiting laboratory. During their stay, they contributed to a number of experiments to expand our understanding of space while benefitting life on Earth: https://go.nasa.gov/3yCDeW0 Credit: NASA

Watch live as the Dragon Freedom spacecraft undocks with the four crew members of NASA’s SpaceX Crew-4 mission aboard: NASA astronauts Kjell Lindgren, Bob Hines, and Jessica Watkins, as well as ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti. Undocking from the International Space Station (ISS) is targeted for Friday, Oct. 14. Splashdown is targeted several hours later at 4:55 p.m. EDT (2055 UTC) Friday off the coast of Florida. During their stay of nearly six months on the ISS, Crew-4 members contributed to ongoing and new scientific investigations and technology demonstrations, work that is helping to prepare humans for future space exploration missions and generating innovations and benefits for humanity on Earth:

In order to slow down spacecraft quickly and safely as they land, we get some help from an unexpected source: the planet’s atmosphere! To use the air around a planet to our advantage, we use heat shields, which have an air-resistant design. Learn more about heat shields, like LOFTID, and how they may help us land on Mars! For more information about the LOFTID technology demonstration, click here: https://go.nasa.gov/3aRdADV