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Inside neutron stars we can find the weirdest and most dangerous substance in the universe: Strange matter. What is strange matter, how dangerous is it and what can it tell us about the origin of the universe?

What would happen if we were to detonate a very very powerful nuclear weapon on the moon? Would the explosion knock its orbit toward Earth, causing tidal waves and misery? Could the moon be destroyed, showering the earth in a rain of meteoric death? Hugo Peters, Tadas Patilskis, Robert Peter Carzano Miller, Gary, Eli Dean, Joel Tuckwell, Richard Powers, Peter, Smurphy, Volianer, Zach Voss, Wesley Vaughn, Ben Woods, C.J. Gore, Gáspár Márk Török, Gavin Warnock, Adam Turner, Isela Macias, Tales Escher, Noah Usiatynski, John, Veronika Samková, Heather Fanska, Christian Groß, David Hughes, Konstantin Golosov, Francisco Javier Ahumada Méndez, Ian Fleming, Kuzma, Lina Sereičikaitė, John Sowatsky, Alessandro Sartori, Ryan Anderson, Vladyslav Kushney, Capessergal, Logan Turske, Eugene Chernyshov, Christopher Delaney, Justin Enslin, Ryan Brink, Maalsc, Thomas Li, Omar, Stephanie Thomson, Lyam, Spacecam, Megaman, Савенко Николай, Yelonade, DerQuacksalber, everything is learned through PAIN, Carrie Dragoni, Marcos Bello, Cody Calhoun, Yori, Katherine E Gould, oscar, Mohamed Adli Bin Dimyati, Andrii Kiryk, Tim, Matthew Willett-Jeffries, Paul Bartos, Daniel Van Patten, Shane O'Brien, Philippe Paget-Bailly, Mohamed Khairat

The night sky seems peaceful and orderly. But in reality, stars are careening through the galaxy at speeds of hundreds of thousands of kilometres per hour. Not bound by static formations but changing neighbourhoods constantly. Fortunately space is big, and so the stars of the Milky Way are very unlikely to hit us. Unfortunately, they don’t have to hit anything to make us have a really bad time on earth. And there are already stars starting to get very close.

Keanu Vestil, Xavier, Antonio Tavano, Scott James, Camfifty5, Michael, Paul Barth, Christian Puelacher, Katie Barton, Cole Bowden, Andreas Rautner, Sovos, Alejandro Uresti, couchy, Bill Hochberg, John Specht, Lander Verhack, Vlad Mustiață, Oliver Kurtz, Mischa Blazer, Josh Yelavich, Islam Mohamed, Robrecht Cannoodt, Kirsty, Greenleaves, Jayson Lamanca, Nithin Thaha, Tristan Jackson, Even_skjeih, Mo Alawami, Jonas Brandão, Lily McAdams, Alejandro Rodriguez, Isaac Overmyer, Cooper Norton, Biblion, Stephen Zappia, Bodo Nuber, Samhain, Kyle Goff, jota jodra, Marc Bornträger, Filip Leszczyński, Влад Кальченко, NexusValhalla, Aleksandar Zivancevic, Silas Zander, Tijn Flinterman, Shrutika Umralkar, Or Bairey-Sehayek, Terri-Ann dela Cruz, Choltikan Phothong, Collin Carey, Champ, Marcela Oliveira, rbtpzk, Jamie Grall, LAI Oscar, Ralf P., Kuba, Ryan Giles, JoghurtWiesel, Timster Ruu, John Highet, Walmyr Carvalho, Perry Williams, Aldo Vicente, Peter Paj, Vanny Khon, Olga, Theeraphong Gasparini, destroymyarrogance, Martin Pietrowski, Josip Haramija, Champ, Carlos, Davi & Nicholas

etting rare materials from the ground into your phone is ugly. The mining industry is responsible for air and water pollution and the destruction of entire landscapes. But what if we could replace the mining industry on Earth with a clean process that can’t harm anyone? Well, we can. All we need to do is look up.

Nothing in the Universe is static. In the milky way, billions of stars orbit the galactic center. Some, like our sun, are pretty consistent, keeping a distance of around 30,000 light years from the galactic center, completing an orbit every 230 million years. This dance is not an orderly ballet - more like a skating rink filled with drunk toddlers. This chaos makes the galaxy dangerous. Our solar neighbourhood is constantly changing, with stars moving hundreds of kilometers every second. Only the vast distances between objects protect us from the dangers out there. But we might get unlucky in the future. At some point we could encounter a star going supernova. Or a massive object passing by and showering earth with asteroids. If something like this were to happen we would likely know thousands, if not millions of years in advance. But we still couldn’t do much about it.

Getting to space is incredibly hard, expensive and needs a lot of resources. A more efficient way to get there is a Skyhook (or Spacetether), an ever rotating cable with a counter weight, that catapults spaceships from earth orbit into the depths of space

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Leaving earth to find new homes in space is an old dream of humanity and will sooner or later be necessary for our survival. The planet that gets the most attention is Mars, a small, toxic and energy poor planet that just about seems good enough for a colony of depressed humans huddled in underground cities. But what if we think bigger? What if we take Venus, one of the most hostile and deadly places in the solar system and turn it into a colony? Not by building lofty cloud cities, but by creating a proper second earth? It might be easier than you think

The largest things in the universe are black holes. In contrast to things like planets or stars they have no physical size limit, and can literally grow endlessly. Although in reality specific things need to happen to create different kinds of black holes, from really tiny ones to the largest single things in the universe. So how do black holes grow and how large is the largest of them all?

Here in the Kurzgesagt labs we test very important ideas to see what happens when you blow things up or play with black holes. Many of you suggested that we look into an idea that sounds reasonable: Shooting nuclear waste into space. It is one of those concepts that seems like an easy fix for one of the main problems with nuclear energy. But it turns out this idea is not just bad but horribly bad and it gets worse the longer you think about it.

Supernovae are the most powerful explosions in the universe, unleashing enough energy to outshine galaxies. We have no real metaphor for their power – if the sun were to magically go supernova it would feel like you were being hit by the energy of a nuclear explosion, every second. For weeks. While supernovae are the engines of creation, forging the elements that enable life, they also burn sterile whole regions of galaxies. So what would happen if one hit earth?

Black hole stars may have been the largest stars to ever exist. They burned brighter than galaxies and were Larger than any star today or that could ever exist in the future. But besides their scale, what makes them special and weird is that deep inside, they were occupied by a cosmic parasite, an endlessly hungry black hole. How is that even possible?

Mars is a disappointing hellhole lacking practically everything we need to stay alive. It looks like we’ll only ever have small crews spend a miserable time hidden underground. Except, we could terraform it into a green new world. But to solve the planet’s problems, we first need to make it worse and turn it into oceans of lava with gigantic lasers.

The universe isn't just a vast empty ocean sprinkled with galaxies – most of the atoms are actually drifting in between, in the intergalactic medium. If we look closely, we can see who is in charge here: Quasars, the single most powerful objects in existence. As small as a grain of sand compared to the amazon river, they reside in the centers of some galaxies, shining with the power of a trillion stars, blasting out huge jets of matter, completely reshaping the cosmos around them. They are so powerful that they can kill a galaxy. What are they, and how do they mold the structure of the universe at their whim?

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On a cosmic time scale, human history is as brief as the blink of an eye. By compressing all 13.8 billion years of time into a 10 minute scale, this video shows just how young we truly are, and just how ancient and vast our universe is. Starting with the big bang and culminating in the appearance of homo sapiens, this experience follows the unfolding of time at 22 million years per second, adhering closely to current scientific understanding. It can be difficult to fathom how long 13.8 billion years is. The more you watch this video, the more it sinks in just how stunningly old the universe is, and how magnificently tiny we humans are in the grand scheme. I hope seeing this experiment in humility makes you ponder the vast, unwitnessed ages that have passed before we came along, and the brevity of our existence in comparison. Every event featured in this video is fascinating on its own, so I highly encourage anybody interested to dig deeper. Start with the Wikipedia page on geologic time and go from there to learn more about all the events featured within.

This video is about what happens if you try to pass a portal (like in the video game Portal or Portal 2) through itself - do you get a paradox? Infinite recursion? Impossibility? Contradiction? The end of the world? Collapse of the wavefunction? Ultimately it ends up looking beautiful and weird and recursive and... just watch the video :)

Black holes, light speed travel, and the center of the universe!

If humans want to expand into space, it will take us incredible amounts of energy. How do we do that? Easy: we will just use the sun’s energy by realizing the most ambitious construction project in history. This is how it works.