R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #25 -- Sunday, August 4th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL)
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #25 -- Sunday, August 4th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL)
86
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2
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R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute (Episode #24 -- Sunday, July 28th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL)
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute (Episode #24 -- Sunday, July 28th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL)
106
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3
comments
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #23 -- Sunday, July 21st, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL)
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #23 -- Sunday, July 21st, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL)
113
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1
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R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #22 -- Sunday, July 14th, 2024). Topic: "Celtic-Israelite English Theologian John Wycliffe (1328-31 -- 1384) Credited with Translating The Bible into English"
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #22 -- Sunday, July 14th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "Celtic-Israelite English Theologian John Wycliffe (1328-31 -- 1384) Credited with Translating The Bible into English"
120
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3
comments
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #21 -- Sunday, July 7th, 2024). Topic: "Celtic-Israelite Scottish Protestant Reformer John Knox (1514-1572) Introduces Universal Education to Scotland Forever"
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #21 -- Sunday, July 7th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Today's Topic: "Celtic-Israelite Scottish Protestant Reformer John Knox (1514-1572) Introduces Universal Education to Scotland Forever"
137
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1
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R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #20 -- Sunday, June 23rd, 2024). Today's Topic: "German Inventor Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg (1393/1406-1468)"
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #20 -- Sunday, June 23rd, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Today's Topic: "German Inventor Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg (1393/1406-1468)"
Root and Branch Association, Ltd. Fifth Israelite Monarchy (Daniel 2:44) Henry Dunster College of Jerusalem, ISRAEL Honors Program Seminars: R&B Weekly Seminar: "Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons" Episode #20 (plus 45 minute open discussion following ten minute lecture). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Today's Topic: "German Inventor Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg (1393/1406-1468)"
About German Inventor Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg (1393/1406-1468):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Gutenberg
"Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg (c. 1393–1406 – 3 February 1468) was a German inventor and craftsman who invented the movable-type printing press. Though movable type was already in use in East Asia, Gutenberg's invention of the printing press enabled a much faster rate of printing. The printing press later spread across the world, and led to an information revolution and the unprecedented mass-spread of literature throughout Europe. It had a profound impact on the development of the Renaissance, Reformation, and humanist movements.
His many contributions to printing include the invention of a process for mass-producing movable type; the use of oil-based ink for printing books; adjustable molds; mechanical movable type; and the invention of a wooden printing press similar to the agricultural screw presses of the period. Gutenberg's method for making type is traditionally considered to have included a type metal alloy and a hand mould for casting type. The alloy was a mixture of lead, tin, and antimony that melted at a relatively low temperature for faster and more economical casting, cast well, and created a durable type. His major work, the Gutenberg Bible, was the first printed version of the Bible and has been acclaimed for its high aesthetic and technical quality.
Gutenberg is often cited as among the most influential figures in human history and has been commemorated around the world. To celebrate the 500th anniversary of his birth in 1900, the Gutenberg Museum was founded in his hometown of Mainz. In 1997, Time Life magazine picked Gutenberg's invention as the most important of the second millennium".
Please Join Us: Repeatable Zoom Link for Each "Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons" Weekly Seminar:
https://us02web.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZ0tceqrqjIpE9Cx5XUutmOazuxhglM7J3t7#/registration
************
Lowell's Lectures recorded on Zoom are published on:
Lowell's General Rumble Channel
(please subscribe/free):
https://rumble.com/user/LowellJosephGallin
Lowell's General Rumble Sub-Channels [All Sub-Channels]
(please subscribe/free):
https://rumble.com/user/LowellJosephGallin/channels
Lowell Joseph Gallin Rumble Sub-Channel
(please subscribe/free):
https://rumble.com/c/c-2171690
and shared on Lowell's Internet Portals (please subscribe):
Twitter/Lowell
(please subscribe/free)
https://twitter.com/AryehYGallin
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Academia/Lowell
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https://swarthmore.academia.edu/LowellGallin
************
Lowell Welcomes Your Support for His Work
Please Send Your Support To:
CHECKS and MONEY ORDERS
Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin
P.O.B. 31796
Main Post Office
9131701 Jerusalem
ISRAEL
Please make your checks and money orders payable to
Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin
PAYPAL
Mr. Lowell Gallin
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PayPal Account: lowellgallin@gmail.com
ZELLE
Mr. Lowell Gallin
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https://www.academia.edu/92593114/PLEASE_SUPPORT_LOWELLS_WORK_TO_BUILD_OUR_HEBREW_BIBLE_BASED_BROADCASTING_NETWORK_FROM_JERUSALEM_ISRAEL_TO_HONOR_THE_GOD_LAND_TORAH_AND_PEOPLE_OF_ISRAEL_AND_ALL_HUMANITY
************
Please support Lowell's Work to build Our Root and Branch Association, Ltd. (Established 1981, New York State, God Of Israel Bless America) Fifth Israelite Monarchy (Daniel 2:44) Henry Dunster College of Jerusalem, ISRAEL (Established January, 2024) Honor Program Seminars and Hebrew Bible Based Broadcasting Network
Henry Dunster (1609-1658) was the First President of Harvard College (Established 1636)
We are replanting the OLD Harvard in the NEW Jerusalem
Here in Jerusalem through our Root and Branch Association, Ltd. Fifth Israelite Monarchy Henry Dunster College Honor Program Seminars we are building our Hebrew Bible Based Broadcasting Network to:
Share Life Giving Traditional Israelite Teachings with Our Fallen World
And to Honor the God, Land, Torah and People of Israel, and All Humanity
Please join us as a Builder of our Root and Branch Association, Ltd. Fifth Israelite Monarchy Henry Dunster College Honor Program Seminars and Hebrew Bible Based Broadcasting Network.
Please send your support TODAY.
Please click on the link below:
https://www.academia.edu/92593114/PLEASE_SUPPORT_LOWELLS_WORK_TO_BUILD_OUR_HEBREW_BIBLE_BASED_BROADCASTING_NETWORK_FROM_JERUSALEM_ISRAEL_TO_HONOR_THE_GOD_LAND_TORAH_AND_PEOPLE_OF_ISRAEL_AND_ALL_HUMANITY
************
The Root and Branch Association, Ltd. English Language Conference and Lecture Series of Jerusalem, ISRAEL
Now Celebrating Our Twenty Ninth Anniversary
(January, 1995 -- January, 2024)
Henry Dunster College of Jerusalem, ISRAEL (Established January, 2024)
Honors Program Seminars
Henry Dunster (1609-1658) was the First President of Harvard College (Established 1636)
"Replanting the OLD Harvard in the NEW Jerusalem"
"More powerful than the Tramp of the Boots of Mighty Armies
is the Power of an Idea whose Time has come" (Free Translation)
Victor-Marie Hugo (1802-1885)
Son Of France, Homme de Lettres (Man of Letters)
Preparing for the Restoration of the Hebraic Republic and Israelite Constitutional Monarchy in the Lands Of Israel
201
views
1
comment
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #19 -- Sunday, June 16th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "1618-1620 Bohemian Protestant Revolt against Catholic Habsburgs"
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #19 -- Sunday, June 16th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "1618-1620 Bohemian Protestant Revolt (German: Böhmischer Aufstand; Czech: České stavovské povstání) against Catholic Habsburgs, opening of Thirty Years War Between Protestant and Catholic Powers of Europe resulting in the Genocide/Holocaust/Mass Murder of up to EIGHT MILLION Europeans, all for the 'Glory of God' and the 'Love of Christ' which Oh So 'Good Christians' today DON'T want to remember cause they can't blame this one (real or imagined) on ... 'The Jews'"
163
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1
comment
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #18 -- Sunday, June 9th, 2024). Topic: "Philo-Judaic English Protestant Jurist John Selden (1584-1654), Scholar of Jewish Law, Admirer of Noahide Covenant and Laws"
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #18 -- Sunday, June 9th, 2024). Topic: "Today's Topic: "Philo-Judaic English Protestant Jurist John Selden (1584-1654), Scholar of Jewish Law, Admirer of Noahide Covenant and Laws"
Sunday, June 9th, 2024; 5:30-6:30 p.m. Jerusalem Time (ISRAEL); 10:30-11:30 a.m. Eastern Standard Time (U.S.A.) Root and Branch Association, Ltd. Fifth Israelite Monarchy (Daniel 2:44) Henry Dunster College of Jerusalem, ISRAEL Honors Program Seminars: R&B Weekly Seminar: "Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons" Episode #18 (plus 45 minute open discussion following ten minute lecture). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Today's Topic: "Philo-Judaic English Protestant Jurist John Selden (1584-1654), Scholar of Jewish Law, Admirer of Noahide Covenant and Laws"
About John Selden (1584-1654):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Selden
"John Selden (16 December 1584 – 30 November 1654) was an English jurist, a scholar of England's ancient laws and constitution and scholar of Jewish law. He was known as a polymath; John Milton hailed Selden in 1644 as 'the chief of learned men reputed in this land'".
Please Join Us: Repeatable Zoom Link for Each "Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons" Weekly Seminar:
https://us02web.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZ0tceqrqjIpE9Cx5XUutmOazuxhglM7J3t7#/registration
************
Lowell's Lectures recorded on Zoom are published on:
Lowell's General Rumble Channel
(please subscribe/free):
https://rumble.com/user/LowellJosephGallin
Lowell's General Rumble Sub-Channels [All Sub-Channels]
(please subscribe/free):
https://rumble.com/user/LowellJosephGallin/channels
Lowell Joseph Gallin Rumble Sub-Channel
(please subscribe/free):
https://rumble.com/c/c-2171690
and shared on Lowell's Internet Portals (please subscribe):
Twitter/Lowell
(please subscribe/free)
https://twitter.com/AryehYGallin
Truth Social/Lowell
(please subscribe/free)
https://truthsocial.com/@LowellJosephGallin
Telegram/Lowell
(please subscribe/free)
https://t.me/mrlowelljosephgallin
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Facebook/Lowell
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Clout Hub/Lowell
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https://app.clouthub.com/#/users/u/LowellJosephGallin
Academia/Lowell
(please subscribe/free)
https://swarthmore.academia.edu/LowellGallin
************
Lowell Welcomes Your Support for His Work
Please Send Your Support To:
CHECKS and MONEY ORDERS
Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin
P.O.B. 31796
Main Post Office
9131701 Jerusalem
ISRAEL
Please make your checks and money orders payable to
Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin
PAYPAL
Mr. Lowell Gallin
https://paypal.com
PayPal Account: lowellgallin@gmail.com
ZELLE
Mr. Lowell Gallin
https://www.zellepay.com/
Zelle Account: lowellgallin@gmail.com
https://www.academia.edu/92593114/PLEASE_SUPPORT_LOWELLS_WORK_TO_BUILD_OUR_HEBREW_BIBLE_BASED_BROADCASTING_NETWORK_FROM_JERUSALEM_ISRAEL_TO_HONOR_THE_GOD_LAND_TORAH_AND_PEOPLE_OF_ISRAEL_AND_ALL_HUMANITY
************
Please support Lowell's Work to build Our Root and Branch Association, Ltd. (Established 1981, New York State, God Of Israel Bless America) Fifth Israelite Monarchy (Daniel 2:44) Henry Dunster College of Jerusalem, ISRAEL (Established January, 2024) Honor Program Seminars and Hebrew Bible Based Broadcasting Network
Henry Dunster (1609-1658) was the First President of Harvard College (Established 1636)
We are replanting the OLD Harvard in the NEW Jerusalem
Here in Jerusalem through our Root and Branch Association, Ltd. Fifth Israelite Monarchy Henry Dunster College Honor Program Seminars we are building our Hebrew Bible Based Broadcasting Network to:
Share Life Giving Traditional Israelite Teachings with Our Fallen World
And to Honor the God, Land, Torah and People of Israel, and All Humanity
Please join us as a Builder of our Root and Branch Association, Ltd. Fifth Israelite Monarchy Henry Dunster College Honor Program Seminars and Hebrew Bible Based Broadcasting Network.
Please send your support TODAY.
Please click on the link below:
https://www.academia.edu/92593114/PLEASE_SUPPORT_LOWELLS_WORK_TO_BUILD_OUR_HEBREW_BIBLE_BASED_BROADCASTING_NETWORK_FROM_JERUSALEM_ISRAEL_TO_HONOR_THE_GOD_LAND_TORAH_AND_PEOPLE_OF_ISRAEL_AND_ALL_HUMANITY
************
The Root and Branch Association, Ltd. English Language Conference and Lecture Series of Jerusalem, ISRAEL
Now Celebrating Our Twenty Ninth Anniversary
(January, 1995 -- January, 2024)
Henry Dunster College of Jerusalem, ISRAEL (Established January, 2024)
Honors Program Seminars
Henry Dunster (1609-1658) was the First President of Harvard College (Established 1636)
"Replanting the OLD Harvard in the NEW Jerusalem"
"More powerful than the Tramp of the Boots of Mighty Armies
is the Power of an Idea whose Time has come" (Free Translation)
Victor-Marie Hugo (1802-1885)
Son Of France, Homme de Lettres (Man of Letters)
Preparing for the Restoration of the Hebraic Republic and Israelite Constitutional Monarchy in the Lands Of Israel
296
views
1
comment
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lesson (Episode #17 -- Sunday, May 19th, 2024). Topic: "Philo-Judaic Dutch Protestant Theologian and Jurist Hugo Grotius (1583-1645)
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lesson (Episode #17 -- Sunday, May 19th, 2024). Topic: "Philo-Judaic Dutch Protestant Theologian and Jurist Hugo Grotius (1583-1645), known as The 'Father of International Law' which Grotius based on Noahide Law, Author 'De Jure Belli ac Pacis' (On the Law of War and Peace, 1625)"
72
views
2
comments
R&B Weekly Seminar: R&B Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #16 -- May 5th, 2024). Topic: "John Harvard (1607-1638), after whom Harvard College (established 1636) was named"
R&B Weekly Seminar: R&B Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #16 -- Sunday, May 5th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "John Harvard (1607-1638), after whom Harvard College (established 1636) was named"
87
views
1
comment
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #5, Tuesday, April 30th, 2024). Topic: "Henry Dunster (1609-1658), First President of Harvard College (Established 1636)"
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #5, Tuesday, April 30th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "Henry Dunster (1609-1658), First President of Harvard College (Established 1636)"
80
views
2
comments
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #14 -- Sunday, April 7th, 2024). Topic: "Spanish Armada 1588"
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #14 -- Sunday, April 7th, 2024). Topic: "Spanish Armada 1588"
99
views
1
comment
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #13 -- Sunday, March 17th, 2024). Topic: "The Geneva Bible"
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #13 -- Sunday, March 17th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "The Geneva Bible"
Repeatable Zoom Link for Each "Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons"
Weekly Seminar:
https://us02web.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZ0tceqrqjIpE9Cx5XUutmOazuxhglM7J3t7#/registration
************
About The Geneva Bible:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneva_Bible
************
Lowell's Lectures recorded on Zoom are published on:
Lowell's General Rumble Channel (please subscribe/free):
https://rumble.com/user/LowellJosephGallin
Lowell's General Rumble Sub-Channels [All Sub-Channels] (please subscribe/free):
https://rumble.com/user/LowellJosephGallin/channels
Lowell Joseph Gallin Rumble Sub-Channel (please subscribe/free):
https://rumble.com/c/c-2171690
************
Lowell Welcomes Your Support for His Work
Please Support Lowell's Work to Build Our Hebrew Bible Based Broadcasting Network from Jerusalem, Israel, to Honor the God, Land, Torah and People Of Israel, and all Humanity (and WITH DEEPEST THANKS to the small and growing number of Supporters who are already doing so)
https://www.academia.edu/92593114/PLEASE_SUPPORT_LOWELLS_WORK_TO_BUILD_OUR_HEBREW_BIBLE_BASED_BROADCASTING_NETWORK_FROM_JERUSALEM_ISRAEL_TO_HONOR_THE_GOD_LAND_TORAH_AND_PEOPLE_OF_ISRAEL_AND_ALL_HUMANITY
Please Send Your Support To:
CHECKS and MONEY ORDERS
Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin
P.O.B. 31796
Main Post Office
9131701 Jerusalem
ISRAEL
Please make your checks and money orders payable to
Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin
PAYPAL
Mr. Lowell Gallin
https://paypal.com
PayPal Account: lowellgallin@gmail.com
ZELLE
Mr. Lowell Gallin
https://www.zellepay.com/
Zelle Account: lowellgallin@gmail.com
************
The Root and Branch Association, Ltd. English Language Conference and Lecture Series of Jerusalem, ISRAEL
Now Celebrating Our Twenty Ninth Anniversary
(January, 1995 -- January, 2024)
Henry Dunster College of Jerusalem, ISRAEL (Established January, 2024)
Honors Program Seminars
Henry Dunster (1609-1658 C.E.) was the First President of Harvard College (Established 1636 C.E.)
"Replanting the OLD Harvard in the NEW Jerusalem"
"More powerful than the Tramp of the Boots of Mighty Armies
is the Power of an Idea whose Time has come" (Free Translation)
Victor-Marie Hugo (1802-1885)
Son Of France, Homme de Lettres (Man of Letters)
Preparing for the Restoration of the Hebraic Republic and Israelite Constitutional Monarchy in the Lands Of Israel
173
views
1
comment
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #12 -- March 10th, 2024). Topic: "Thomas Brightman (1562-1607). Author: 'Shall They Return to Jerusalem Again?' (1615)"
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #12 -- Sunday, March 10th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "Thomas Brightman (1562-1607). Author: 'Shall They Return to Jerusalem Again?' (1615)"
Repeatable Zoom Link for Each "Lowell's Ten Minute History Lesson"
Weekly Seminar:
https://us02web.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZ0tceqrqjIpE9Cx5XUutmOazuxhglM7J3t7#/registration
************
About Thomas Brightman (1562-1607)
Author: "Shall They Return to Jerusalem Again?" (1615)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Brightman
************
Lowell's Lectures recorded on Zoom are published on:
Lowell's General Rumble Channel (please subscribe/free):
https://rumble.com/user/LowellJosephGallin
Lowell's General Rumble Sub-Channels [All Sub-Channels] (please subscribe/free):
https://rumble.com/user/LowellJosephGallin/channels
Lowell Joseph Gallin Rumble Sub-Channel (please subscribe/free):
https://rumble.com/c/c-2171690
R&B You Tube Channel (please subscribe/free):
https://www.youtube.com/@TheRootandBranchAssociationLtd
************
Lowell Welcomes Your Support for His Work
Please Support Lowell's Work to Build Our Hebrew Bible Based Broadcasting Network from Jerusalem, Israel, to Honor the God, Land, Torah and People Of Israel, and all Humanity (and WITH DEEPEST THANKS to those who are already doing so)
https://www.academia.edu/92593114/PLEASE_SUPPORT_LOWELLS_WORK_TO_BUILD_OUR_HEBREW_BIBLE_BASED_BROADCASTING_NETWORK_FROM_JERUSALEM_ISRAEL_TO_HONOR_THE_GOD_LAND_TORAH_AND_PEOPLE_OF_ISRAEL_AND_ALL_HUMANITY
Please Send Your Support To:
Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin
P.O.B. 31796
Main Post Office
9131701 Jerusalem
ISRAEL
Please make your checks and money orders payable to
Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin
PAYPAL
Mr. Lowell Gallin
https://paypal.com
PayPal Account: lowellgallin@gmail.com
STRIPE
Mr. Lowell Gallin
https://stripe.com/
Stripe Account: lowellgallin@gmail.com
ZELLE
Mr. Lowell Gallin
https://www.zellepay.com/
Zelle Account: lowellgallin@gmail.com
************
The Root and Branch Association, Ltd. English Language Conference and Lecture Series of Jerusalem, ISRAEL
Now Celebrating Our Twenty Ninth Anniversary
(January, 1995 -- January, 2024)
Henry Dunster College of Jerusalem, ISRAEL (Established January, 2024)
Honors Program Seminars
Henry Dunster (1609-1658 C.E.) was the First President of Harvard College (Established 1636 C.E.)
"Replanting the OLD Harvard in the NEW Jerusalem"
"More powerful than the Tramp of the Boots of Mighty Armies
is the Power of an Idea whose Time has come" (Free Translation)
Victor-Marie Hugo (1802-1885)
Son Of France, Homme de Lettres (Man of Letters)
Preparing for the Restoration of the Hebraic Republic and Israelite Constitutional Monarchy in the Lands Of Israel
163
views
4
comments
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #11 -- Sunday, March 3rd, 2024). Topic: "Thomas Draxe (died 1618). Author: 'The Worldes Resurrection, or the general calling of the Jewes' (1608)"
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #11 -- Sunday, March 3rd, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "Thomas Draxe (died 1618). Author: 'The Worldes Resurrection, or the general calling of the Jewes' (1608)"
99
views
1
comment
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lesson (Episode #10 -- Tuesday, February 27th, 2024). Topic: "Sir Henry Finch (died 1625), Author, 'The World's Great Restauration, or Calling of the Jews' (1621)"
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lesson (Episode #10 -- Tuesday, February 27th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "Sir Henry Finch (died 1625), Author, 'The World's Great Restauration, or Calling of the Jews' (1621)"
86
views
1
comment
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #9 -- February 18th, 2024). Topic: "Polish-Jewish Lawyer Raphael Lemkin (1900-1959), Father of the Term 'Genocide' & the Genocide Convention"
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #9 -- Sunday, February 18th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "Polish-Jewish Lawyer Raphael Lemkin (1900-1959) z"l (of blessed memory), Author 'Axis Rule in Occupied Europe' (1944), Father of the Term 'Genocide' and the Genocide Convention". Lowell Comments: "Genocide of the Children of Israel/Twelve Tribes of Jacob Israel World's Longest Running Genocide (3467 Years: 1444 B.C.E./First Holocaust-EGYPT [Isaiah 10:3] - October 7th, 2023/Last Holocaust-GAZA [Isaiah 10:3])"
Please Support Lowell's Work to Build Our Hebrew Bible Based Broadcasting Network from Jerusalem, Israel, to Honor the God, Land, Torah and People Of Israel, and all Humanity (and WITH DEEPEST THANKS to those who are already doing so)
https://www.academia.edu/92593114/PLEASE_SUPPORT_LOWELLS_WORK_TO_BUILD_OUR_HEBREW_BIBLE_BASED_BROADCASTING_NETWORK_FROM_JERUSALEM_ISRAEL_TO_HONOR_THE_GOD_LAND_TORAH_AND_PEOPLE_OF_ISRAEL_AND_ALL_HUMANITY
************
Repeatable Zoom Link for Each "Lowell's Ten Minute History Lesson" Weekly Seminar:
https://us02web.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZ0tceqrqjIpE9Cx5XUutmOazuxhglM7J3t7#/registration
Lowell's Lectures recorded on Zoom are published on:
Lowell's General Rumble Channel (please subscribe/free):
https://rumble.com/user/LowellJosephGallin
Lowell's General Rumble Sub-Channels [All Sub-Channels] (please subscribe/free):
https://rumble.com/user/LowellJosephGallin/channels
Lowell JosephGallin Rumble Sub-Channel (please subscribe/free):
https://rumble.com/c/c-2171690
************
About Raphael Lemkin
Polish-Jewish Lawyer Raphael Lemkin (1900-1959) z"l (of blessed memory)
Author 'Axis Rule in Occupied Europe' (1944)
Father of the Term 'Genocide' and the Genocide Convention
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raphael_Lemkin
Raphael Lemkin
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Raphael Lemkin
Rafał Lemkin
Born 24 June 1900
Bezwodne, Volkovyssky Uyezd, Grodno Governorate, Russian Empire
(now Zelʹva District, Grodno Region, Belarus)
Died 28 August 1959 (aged 59)
New York City, U.S.
Nationality Polish
Education University of Lwów
Occupation Lawyer
Known for
Coining the term genocide
Drafting the Genocide Convention
Raphael Lemkin (Polish: Rafał Lemkin; 24 June 1900 – 28 August 1959) was a Polish lawyer of Jewish descent who is known for coining the term genocide and campaigning to establish the Genocide Convention. During the Second World War, he campaigned vigorously to raise international outrage against atrocities in Axis-occupied Europe. It was during this time that Lemkin coined the term "genocide" to describe Nazi Germany's extermination policies against Jews and Poles.
As a young law student deeply conscious of antisemitic persecution, Lemkin learned about the Ottoman empire's massacres of Armenians during World War I and was deeply disturbed by the absence of international provisions to charge Ottoman officials who carried out war crimes. Following the German invasion of Poland, Lemkin fled Europe and sought asylum in United States, where he became an academic at Duke University.
Lemkin coined genocide in 1943 or 1944 from two words: genos (Greek: γένος, 'family, clan, tribe, race, stock, kin')[3] and -cide (Latin: -cīdium, 'killing'). The term was included in the 1944 research-work "Axis Rule in Occupied Europe", wherein Lemkin documented mass-killings of ethnic groups deemed "untermenschen" by Nazi Germany. In particular, the concept of "genocide" was defined by Lemkin to refer to the vicious extermination campaign launched by Nazi Germany to wipe out Jews in the Holocaust.
After the Second World War, Lemkin worked on the legal team of Robert H. Jackson, Chief US prosecutor at the Nuremberg Tribunal. The concept of "genocide" was non-existent in any international laws at the time, and this became one of the reasons for Lemkin's view that the trial did not serve complete justice on prosecuting Nazi atrocities targeting ethnic and religious groups. Lemkin committed the rest of his life to push for an international convention, which in his view, was essential to prevent the rise of "future Hitlers". On 9 December 1948, the United Nations approved the Genocide Convention, with many of its clauses based on Lemkin's proposals.
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R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #8 -- Feb 11th, 2024). Topic: 42nd Anniversary (1982-2024) of Syrian Hama Holocaust of 40,000 Arab Muslim Men, Women and Children Slaughtered by Their Fellow Arab Muslims
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Ten Minute History Lessons (Episode #8 -- Sunday, February 11th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "'Arabs will be Arabs and Muslims will be Muslims': Forty Second (42nd) Anniversary (February 2nd, 1982 - 2024 C.E.) of Syrian Hama Holocaust: Arab Muslim Syrian President Hafez al-Assad (1930-2000 C.E.) Arab Muslim Extermination, Arab Muslim Ethnic Cleansing, Arab Muslim Genocide and Arab Muslim Mass Murder of Forty Thousand (40,000) Arab Muslim Men, Women and Children in Hama Slaughtered by Their Fellow Arab Muslims"
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R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Five Minute History Lessons (Episode #7 -- Feb 4th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "Gaelic Speaking Celtic-Israelite Scot Mrs. Mary Anne MacLeod Trump
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Five Minute History Lessons (Episode #7 -- Sunday, February 4th, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "Gaelic Speaking Celtic-Israelite Scot Mrs. Mary Anne MacLeod Trump z"l (of blessed memory) (1912-2000), Mother of Mighty Man Of The God Of Israel President of the United States of God Of Israel Bless America Donald John Trump"
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R&B Monthly Seminar: Lowell's Lectures (Episode #1 -- February 1st, 2024). Topic: "'Tit For Tat': IF 'The Jew' has NO RIGHT TO EXIST, 'The Jew' has NO RIGHT TO SELF-DEFENSE"
R&B Monthly Seminar: Lowell's Lectures (Episode #1 -- Thursday, February 1st, 2024). Lecturer: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "'Tit For Tat': IF 'The Jew' has NO RIGHT TO EXIST, 'The Jew' has NO RIGHT TO SELF-DEFENSE -- For Jew and Israel Haters, Holocaust Deniers and Distorters, since 'The Jew's' EXISTENCE is a CAPITAL CRIME all acts of 'Self Defense' are actually ACTS OF AGGRESSION. Get it ???"
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SEVEN PILLARS OF BIBLE BASED MESSIANIC GOOD GOVERNMENT OF THE EMERGING FIFTH ISRAELITE MONARCHY OF DANIEL'S VISION NOW BEING RESTORED IN JERUSALEM, ISRAEL (Daniel 2:44)
https://www.academia.edu/97397071/SEVEN_PILLARS_OF_BIBLE_BASED_MESSIANIC_GOOD_GOVERNMENT_OF_EMERGING_FIFTH_ISRAELITE_MONARCHY_OF_DANIELS_VISION_NOW_BEING_RESTORED_IN_JERUSALEM_ISRAEL_Daniel_2_44_
1.7 -- REBUILT THIRD AND FINAL ISRAELITE TEMPLE OF JERUSALEM
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_in_Jerusalem
2.7 -- RESTORED DAVIDIC MONARCHY (Mashiach Ben David/Messiah Son Of David)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(united_monarchy)
3.7 -- REGATHERED TWELVE TRIBES OF JACOB/ISRAEL (Council of Princes of Israel)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelve_Tribes_of_Israel
4.7 -- RESTORED SANHEDRIN/SUPREME COURT (Judges of Israel)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_judges
5.7 -- RESTORED PRIESTHOOD (Priests Of Israel)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohen
6.7 -- RESTORED PROPHETHOOD (Prophets Of Israel)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prophets_in_Judaism
7.7 -- RESTORED NATIONAL ASSEMBLY/BIBLICAL PEOPLE'S PARLIAMENT (Elders of Israel)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am_ha'aretz
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Thus Says The God Of Israel/Daniel 2:44
https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt3402.htm
מד וּבְיוֹמֵיהוֹן דִּי מַלְכַיָּא אִנּוּן, יְקִים אֱלָהּ שְׁמַיָּא מַלְכוּ דִּי לְעָלְמִין לָא תִתְחַבַּל, וּמַלְכוּתָה, לְעַם אָחֳרָן לָא תִשְׁתְּבִק; תַּדִּק וְתָסֵיף כָּל-אִלֵּין מַלְכְוָתָא, וְהִיא תְּקוּם לְעָלְמַיָּא.
(44) And in the days of those kings shall the God of heaven set up a kingdom [Fifth Israelite Monarchy], which shall never be destroyed; nor shall the kingdom be left to another people; it shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, but it shall stand for ever".
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R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Five Minute History Lesson (Episode #6 -- January 14th, 2024). Topic: Sir Francis Kett (1547-1589 C.E.). FIRST Protestant Theologian To Call for the Restoration of the Children of Israel to the Land of Israel
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Five Minute History Lesson (Episode Six -- Sunday, January 14th, 2024). Amateur Historian: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "Sir Francis Kett, z"l (of blessed memory), (1547-1589 C.E.). TODAY is the 435th Anniversary of Kett's Murder and Martyrdom by Holy Mother Church on January 14th, 1589 C.E. Author, 'The Glorious and Beautiful Garland of Man's Glorification, containing the godly misterie of heavenly Jerusalem' (1585 C.E.), -- FIRST Protestant Theologian To Call for the Restoration of the Children of Israel to the Land of Israel. May Kett's Memory FOREVER be for a BLESSING
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R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Five Minute History Lesson (Episode #5 -- January 7th, 2024). Topic: "HARTLIB CIRCLE: Samuel Hartlib (1600-1662 C.E.); John Dury (1596-1680 C.E.); John Amos Comenius (1592-1670 C.E.)
R&B Weekly Seminar: Root and Branch Association, Ltd. Fifth Israelite Monarchy Lowell's Five Minute History Lesson Seminars (Episode Five -- Sunday, January 7th, 2024/Day 27, Tenth Israelite Month, 5784 ). Amateur Historian: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Topic: "HARTLIB CIRCLE: Samuel Hartlib (1600-1662 C.E.) (Royal Prussian); John Dury (1596-1680 C.E.) (Scottish); John Amos Comenius (1592-1670 C.E.) (Moravian) -- Protestant Theologians Who Believed in the Restoration of the Children of Israel to the Land of Israel
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R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Five Minute History Lesson (Episode #4 -- Sunday, December 31st, 2023). Today's 2024 Gregorian New Year's Eve Topic: "Celtic-Israelite Scottish Poet Robert Burns (1759-1796 C.E.), Author Auld Lang Syne
R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Five Minute History Lesson (Episode #4 -- Sunday, December 31st, 2023). Today's 2024 Gregorian New Year's Eve Topic: "Celtic-Israelite Scottish Poet Robert Burns (1759-1796 C.E.), Author Auld Lang Syne"
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R&B Weekly Seminar: "Lowell's Three Minute History Lessons" (Episode #3 -- December 25th, 2023). Today's Topic: "Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658 C.E.) and the English Puritan New Model Army"
R&B Weekly Seminar: Root and Branch Association, Ltd. Fifth Israelite Monarchy "Lowell's Three Minute History Lessons" (Episode Three -- Monday, December 25th, 2023/Day 14, Tenth Israelite Month, 5784). Amateur Historian: Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin (Jerusalem, ISRAEL). Today's Topic: "Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658 C.E.) and the English Puritan New Model Army"
Repeatable Zoom Link for "Lowell's Three Minute History Lesson" Weekly Seminar:
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************
About Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658 C.E.) and the English Puritan New Model Army
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell
In office
16 December 1653 – 3 September 1658
Preceded by Council of State
Succeeded by Richard Cromwell
Member of Parliament
for Cambridge
In office
29 February 1640 – 20 April 1653
Monarch Charles I (until 30 January 1649)
Preceded by Thomas Purchase
Member of Parliament
for Huntingdon
In office
31 January 1628 – 3 March 1629
Monarch Charles I
Preceded by Arthur Mainwaring
Personal details
Born 25 April 1599
Huntingdon, Huntingdonshire, England
Died 3 September 1658 (aged 59)
Palace of Whitehall, City of Westminster, England
Resting place Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge (head)
Spouse Elizabeth Bourchier (m. 1620)
Children
Robert Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell
Bridget Cromwell
Richard Cromwell
Henry Cromwell
Elizabeth Cromwell
James Cromwell
Mary Cromwell
Frances Cromwell
Parents
Robert Cromwell (father)
Elizabeth Steward (mother)
Alma mater Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
Occupation Soldier and statesman
Signature
Nicknames
Old Noll[1]
Old Ironsides
Military service
Allegiance Kingdom of England (pre-1642)
Parliamentarian (1642–1651)
Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland (1651–1658)
Branch/service
Militia (pre-1642)
Eastern Association (1642–1645)
New Model Army (1645–1651)
Years of service pre-1642 (militia service)
1642–1651 (civil war)
Rank
Colonel (1642 – bef. 1644)
Lieutenant-General of Horse (bef. 1644 – 1645)
Lieutenant-General of Cavalry (1645–1646)
Commands
Cambridgeshire Ironsides (1643 – bef. 1644)
Eastern Association (bef. 1644 – 1645)
New Model Army (1645–1651)
Battles/wars
Wars of the Three Kingdoms
Gainsborough
Marston Moor
2nd Newbury
Naseby
Langport
Preston
Siege of Drogheda
Sack of Wexford
First Siege of Waterford
Dunbar
Worcester
Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 – 3 September 1658) was an English statesman, politician and soldier, widely regarded as one of the most important figures in the history of the British Isles. He came to prominence during the 1639 to 1653 Wars of the Three Kingdoms, initially as a senior commander in the Parliamentarian army and latterly as a politician. A leading advocate of the execution of Charles I in January 1649, which led to the establishment of The Protectorate, he ruled as Lord Protector from December 1653 until his death in September 1658. Cromwell remains a controversial figure due to his use of the army to acquire political power, and the brutality of his 1649 campaign in Ireland.[2]
Educated at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, Cromwell was elected MP for Huntingdon in 1628. The first 40 years of his life were undistinguished and at one point he contemplated emigration to New England. He became a religious Independent in the 1630s and thereafter believed his successes were the result of divine providence. While he generally supported tolerance for the various Protestant sects of the time, he later opposed those he considered heretical, such as Quakers and Fifth Monarchists.[3] In 1640, Cromwell was returned as MP for Cambridge in the Short and Long Parliaments, and joined the Parliamentarian army when the First English Civil War began in August 1642. He quickly demonstrated his military abilities and in 1645 was appointed commander of the New Model Army cavalry under Sir Thomas Fairfax, playing a key role in defeating the Royalists in the First and Second English Civil Wars.
Following the execution of Charles I and the exile of his son, military victories in Ireland and against the Scots from 1649 to 1651 firmly established the Commonwealth and Cromwell's dominance of the new republican regime. In December 1653, he was named Lord Protector of the Commonwealth,[a] a position he retained until his death in September 1658, when he was succeeded by his son Richard, whose weakness led to a power vacuum. This culminated in the 1660 Stuart Restoration, when Charles II returned to the throne, after which Cromwell's body was removed from its resting place in Westminster Abbey and displayed at Tyburn. Cromwell's head was placed on a spike outside the Tower of London, where it remained for 30 years. It was ultimately reburied at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, in 1960.
Cromwell has been variously described as a military dictator by Winston Churchill,[4] and as a hero of liberty by John Milton, Thomas Carlyle, and Samuel Rawson Gardiner. The debate over his historical reputation continues. First proposed in 1856, his statue outside the Houses of Parliament was not erected until 1895, most of the funds being privately supplied by Prime Minister Lord Rosebery.[5]
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Model_Army
New Model Army
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the 17th-century Parliamentarian military. For the band, see New Model Army (band).
New Model Army
The Souldiers Catechiſme:[1] Religious justification for the New Model Army
Active 1645–1660
Country Commonwealth of England
Allegiance
Council of State (1649–1653; 1659–1660)
Lord Protector (1653–1659)
Type Army
Engagements
First English Civil War
Second English Civil War
Conquest of Ireland
Third English Civil War
First Anglo-Dutch War
Second Anglo-Spanish War
Commanders
Commander-in-Chief Thomas Fairfax, George Monck
Notable
commanders Oliver Cromwell, Thomas Pride, John Lambert, Henry Ireton, William Lockhart
The New Model Army or New Modelled Army was a standing army formed in 1645 by the Parliamentarians during the First English Civil War, then disbanded after the Stuart Restoration in 1660. It differed from other armies employed in the 1639 to 1653 Wars of the Three Kingdoms in that members were liable for service anywhere in the country, rather than being limited to a single area or garrison. To establish a professional officer corps, the army's leaders were prohibited from having seats in either the House of Lords or House of Commons. This was to encourage their separation from the political or religious factions among the Parliamentarians.
The New Model Army was raised partly from among veteran soldiers who already had deeply held Puritan religious beliefs, and partly from conscripts who brought with them many commonly held beliefs about religion or society. Many of its common soldiers therefore held dissenting or radical views unique among English armies. Although the Army's senior officers did not share many of their soldiers' political opinions, their independence from Parliament led to the Army's willingness to contribute to both Parliament's authority and to overthrow the Crown, and to establish a Commonwealth of England from 1649 to 1660, which included a period of direct military rule.
Foundation[edit]
Sir Thomas Fairfax, appointed commander of the New Model in April 1645
The forces raised in 1642 by both Royalists and Parliamentarians were based on part-time militia known as Trained bands. Founded in 1572, these were organised by county, controlled by Lord-lieutenants appointed by the king, and constituted the only permanent military force in the country. The muster roll of February 1638 shows wide variations in size, equipment and training; the largest and best trained were based in London with 8,000, later increased to 20,000.[2] When the First English Civil War began in August 1642, many of the largest militia were based in Parliamentarian areas like London, while Royalist counties like Shropshire or Glamorgan had fewer than 500 men.[3]
The weakness of this system was the reluctance of locally-raised troops to serve outside their "home" areas, a problem for both sides during the war. On 19 November 1644, the Parliamentarian Eastern Association announced that they could no longer meet the cost of maintaining their forces, which then comprised about half the field force available to Parliament. In response, the Committee of Both Kingdoms conducted a wide-ranging review of further military needs and recommended the establishment of a centralised, professional force. On 30 January 1645, committeemen of the Eastern Association discussed their concerns at the Bury Conference at Bury St Edmunds.[4]: 191 On 17 February 1645, the New Model Army Ordinance became law, with Fairfax being appointed Captain General, or commander in chief, and Philip Skippon being appointed Major General of the Foot.[5][6]
The review coincided with increasing dissatisfaction as to the conduct of certain senior commanders; in July 1644, a Parliamentarian force under Sir Thomas Fairfax and Oliver Cromwell secured control of Northern England by victory at Marston Moor. However, this was offset first by defeat at Lostwithiel in September, then lack of decisiveness at the Second Battle of Newbury in October. The two commanders involved, Essex and Manchester, were accused by many in Parliament of lacking commitment, a group that included moderates like Sir William Waller as well as radicals like Cromwell.[7]
In December 1644, Sir Henry Vane introduced the Self-denying Ordinance, requiring those holding military commissions to resign from Parliament. As members of the House of Lords, Manchester and Essex were automatically removed, since unlike MPs they could not resign their titles, although they could be re-appointed, 'if Parliament approved.'[8] Although delayed by the Lords, the Ordinance came into force on 3 April 1645. Since Cromwell was MP for Cambridge, command of the cavalry was initially given to Colonel Bartholomew Vermuyden, a former officer in the Eastern Association who was of Dutch origin and wanted to return home.[9] Fairfax asked that Cromwell be appointed Lieutenant General of the Horse in place of Vermuyden, making him one of two original exceptions to the Self-denying Ordinance, the other being Sir William Brereton, commander in Cheshire. They were allowed to serve under a series of three-month temporary commissions that were continually extended.[10]
Other Parliamentarian forces were consolidated into two regional armies, the Northern Association under Sydnam Poyntz[11] and Western Association under Edward Massey.[12]
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About Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin
(Jerusalem, ISRAEL):
https://swarthmore.academia.edu/LowellGallin
************
Please Support Lowell's Work to Build Our Hebrew Bible Based Broadcasting Network from Jerusalem, Israel, to Honor the God, Land, Torah and People Of Israel, and all Humanity (and WITH DEEPEST THANKS to those who have already done so)
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Please Read (free download) Lowell's New First Book:
"Cracking the Qur'an Code: God's Land, Torah and People Covenants with Israel in the Qur'an and Islamic Tradition" (2011 Second Edition)
https://www.academia.edu/652627/PLEASE_READ_LOWELLS_NEW_FIRST_BOOK_Cracking_the_Quran_Code_Gods_Land_Torah_and_People_Covenants_with_Israel_in_the_Quran_and_Islamic_Tradition_2011_Second_Edition_
************
SEVEN PILLARS OF BIBLE BASED MESSIANIC GOOD GOVERNMENT OF THE EMERGING FIFTH ISRAELITE MONARCHY OF DANIEL'S VISION NOW BEING RESTORED IN JERUSALEM, ISRAEL (Daniel 2:44)
https://www.academia.edu/97397071/SEVEN_PILLARS_OF_BIBLE_BASED_MESSIANIC_GOOD_GOVERNMENT_OF_EMERGING_FIFTH_ISRAELITE_MONARCHY_OF_DANIELS_VISION_NOW_BEING_RESTORED_IN_JERUSALEM_ISRAEL_Daniel_2_44_
1.7 -- REBUILT THIRD AND FINAL ISRAELITE TEMPLE OF JERUSALEM
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_in_Jerusalem
2.7 -- RESTORED DAVIDIC MONARCHY (Mashiach Ben David/Messiah Son Of David)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(united_monarchy)
3.7 -- REGATHERED TWELVE TRIBES OF JACOB/ISRAEL (Council of Princes of Israel)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelve_Tribes_of_Israel
4.7 -- RESTORED SANHEDRIN/SUPREME COURT (Judges of Israel)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_judges
5.7 -- RESTORED PRIESTHOOD (Priests Of Israel)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohen
6.7 -- RESTORED PROPHETHOOD (Prophets Of Israel)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prophets_in_Judaism
7.7 -- RESTORED NATIONAL ASSEMBLY/BIBLICAL PEOPLE'S PARLIAMENT (Elders of Israel)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am_ha'aretz
************
Thus Says The God Of Israel/Daniel 2:44
https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt3402.htm
מד וּבְיוֹמֵיהוֹן דִּי מַלְכַיָּא אִנּוּן, יְקִים אֱלָהּ שְׁמַיָּא מַלְכוּ דִּי לְעָלְמִין לָא תִתְחַבַּל, וּמַלְכוּתָה, לְעַם אָחֳרָן לָא תִשְׁתְּבִק; תַּדִּק וְתָסֵיף כָּל-אִלֵּין מַלְכְוָתָא, וְהִיא תְּקוּם לְעָלְמַיָּא.
(44) And in the days of those kings shall the God of heaven set up a kingdom [Fifth Israelite Monarchy], which shall never be destroyed; nor shall the kingdom be left to another people; it shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, but it shall stand for ever".
************
Thus Says The God Of Israel/Daniel 2:44
https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt3402.htm
מד וּבְיוֹמֵיהוֹן דִּי מַלְכַיָּא אִנּוּן, יְקִים אֱלָהּ שְׁמַיָּא מַלְכוּ דִּי לְעָלְמִין לָא תִתְחַבַּל, וּמַלְכוּתָה, לְעַם אָחֳרָן לָא תִשְׁתְּבִק; תַּדִּק וְתָסֵיף כָּל-אִלֵּין מַלְכְוָתָא, וְהִיא תְּקוּם לְעָלְמַיָּא. 44 And in the days of those kings shall the God of heaven set up a kingdom, which shall never be destroyed; nor shall the kingdom be left to another people; it shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, but it shall stand for ever.
************
Thus Says The God Of Israel/I Melachim-Kings I 18:30-32
https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt09a18.htm
ל וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלִיָּהוּ לְכָל-הָעָם גְּשׁוּ אֵלַי, וַיִּגְּשׁוּ כָל-הָעָם אֵלָיו; וַיְרַפֵּא אֶת-מִזְבַּח יְהוָה, הֶהָרוּס. 30 And Elijah said unto all the people: 'Come near unto me'; and all the people came near unto him. And he repaired the altar of the LORD that was thrown down.
לא וַיִּקַּח אֵלִיָּהוּ, שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה אֲבָנִים, כְּמִסְפַּר, שִׁבְטֵי בְנֵי-יַעֲקֹב--אֲשֶׁר הָיָה דְבַר-יְהוָה אֵלָיו לֵאמֹר, יִשְׂרָאֵל יִהְיֶה שְׁמֶךָ. 31 And Elijah took twelve stones, according to the number of the tribes of the sons of Jacob, unto whom the word of the LORD came, saying: 'Israel shall be thy name.'
לב וַיִּבְנֶה אֶת-הָאֲבָנִים מִזְבֵּחַ, בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה; וַיַּעַשׂ תְּעָלָה, כְּבֵית סָאתַיִם זֶרַע, סָבִיב, לַמִּזְבֵּחַ. 32 And with the stones he built an altar in the name of the LORD; and he made a trench about the altar, as great as would contain two measures of seed.
************
Thus Says The God Of Israel/Tehillim-Psalm 72:1-4
https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt2672.htm
א לִשְׁלֹמֹה: אֱלֹהִים--מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ, לְמֶלֶךְ תֵּן; וְצִדְקָתְךָ לְבֶן-מֶלֶךְ. 1 [A Psalm] of Solomon. Give the king Thy judgments, O God, and Thy righteousness unto the king's son;
ב יָדִין עַמְּךָ בְצֶדֶק; וַעֲנִיֶּיךָ בְמִשְׁפָּט. 2 That he may judge Thy people with righteousness, and Thy poor with justice.
ג יִשְׂאוּ הָרִים שָׁלוֹם לָעָם; וּגְבָעוֹת, בִּצְדָקָה. 3 Let the mountains bear peace to the people, and the hills, through righteousness.
ד יִשְׁפֹּט, עֲנִיֵּי-עָם--יוֹשִׁיעַ, לִבְנֵי אֶבְיוֹן; וִידַכֵּא עוֹשֵׁק. 4 May he judge the poor of the people, and save the children of the needy, and crush the oppressor.
************
Yeshayahu-Isaiah 27:14: "It shall come to pass in That Day that a GREAT HORN (Shofar) shall be blown" when The God Of Israel/Creator of All Humanity SUMMONS the Lost Ten Tribes of Jacob/Israel to REUNIFY and COME HOME to the God, Land, Torah and People of Israel [rejoin the Twelve Tribes of Jacob/Israel], a Divine Redemptive Process underway now in our End/New Beginning of Days
"Return of the King [of Israel]: The Ride of the Rohirrim"
https://youtu.be/7lwJOxN_gXc
"Boromir Blows The Horn of Gondor"
https://youtu.be/dc6aciIhO6c
"That is no Orc Horn" "The Lord of the Rings - Haldir brings aid to Helm's Deep"
https://youtu.be/eFMK7GG0bLc
"LOTR: The Two Towers - Horn of Helm Hammerhand"
https://youtu.be/UayQi2tdJTw
************
INSPIRING WORDS OF ENCOURAGEMENT AND GLORIOUS MUSIC FROM ANGLO-CELTIC-ISRAELITE ENGLAND; AND FROM CELTIC-ISRAELITE IRELAND, SCOTLAND AND WALES
"British Patriotic Song: Land of Hope and Glory"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lymc9Jj_E3U
"Darkest Hour | Winston Churchill Takes the Tube"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Vul9-ToKuk
"D-Day's 'Forgotten Man'"
https://youtu.be/l8avIiYGRgM
"I Vow To Thee My Country | The Bands of HM Royal Marines"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GZNJFrb0IGo
"Jewish Infantry Brigade of British 8th Army 220663-02 | Footage Farm"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Y6owz0xAeQ
"Nimrod"
London Symphony Orchestra & Voice of Sir Winston Churchill z"l (of blessed memory)
https://youtu.be/Kx3W4F80L04
"Spanish Armada / Battle Speech -- ;Elizabeth: The Golden Age' (2007)"
https://youtu.be/qMxPraQ3fDA
"Their Finest Hour Speech by Winston Churchill"
https://youtu.be/6jjhxeHIjvU
"(There'll Be Bluebirds Over) The White Cliffs Of Dover"
Dame Vera Margaret Lynn CH DBE OStJ z"l (of blessed memory)
(née Welch; 20 March 1917 – 18 June 2020)
https://youtu.be/WAaxkAgVkHQ
"Who was Boudica? The Vengeance and Legacy of a Celtic Warrior Queen"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5Xnrp0TuaA
"Zadok the Priest — Choir of Westminster Abbey"
https://youtu.be/MiXgOQ9_-RI
************
Honoring HaShem's Shahids: Our Allied Fighters (Arab Christian and Muslim Warriors, Bedouin Muslim Warriors, Circassian Muslim Warriors, Druze Warriors, among others) in the Growing Global Armies of The God Of Israel/Creator Of Heaven and Earth and All Humanity Fighting Our Jewish Jihad and HaShem's Holy War against the Erev Rav and Amalek
"New Message from Son of Hamas Leader Mosab Hassan Yousef To The World"
https://youtu.be/6cIBzZylOpk
One Million views -- Recorded Oct 28, 2023
"Mosab Hassan Yousef, son of Hamas leader, Hassan Yousef, delivers a powerful new message to people around the world that chant 'Free Palestine'"
"A fearless Muslim woman reveals the truth about Israel"
https://youtu.be/cRfIPbsMcdE
"Arab Muslim for Israel: Mithal Alusi"
https://youtu.be/ddE6OvOVt2k
"Arab Muslim in the Israel Defense Forces"
https://youtu.be/TRhXUo9tCgk
"Arab Muslim Sheikh Abdul Hadi Palazzi Visits Hebron Jewish Community"
https://youtu.be/ycwNLR5KDRg
"Arab Muslim Twins From East Jerusalem, Now Serving in the Israel Defense Forces"
https://youtu.be/ij-AhZos814
"Arab-Muslim Zionist: Sheikh Abdul Hadi Palazzi"
https://youtu.be/TsTA3KLw9O8
"Arab Muslims for Israel: Sheikh Ahmad al-Adwan"
https://youtu.be/YM0meR430fw
"Behind the Scenes: Israeli Arab Society" with Yoseph Haddad. Episode 1: Arabs in the I.D.F."
https://youtu.be/4r9KvtCGsug
"Can Arabs serve in elite units in the I.D.F.?"
https://youtu.be/aH30c6VTvwk
"C.N.N.: Arabs fighting for Israel"
https://youtu.be/zw3K_756GzI
"Egyptian Imam Mazhar Shaheen: Israel is not the Enemy!"
https://youtu.be/KmTrPeZQo4I
"Father Gabriel Naddaf: Why All Christians Must Support Israel"
https://youtu.be/GkLeCmTPLtM
"Female Arab Soldier: 'I Came to Serve My Country and My Home'"
https://youtu.be/kGv9mym3Sqk
"From Jihadist to Muslim Zionist: A Personal Journey. Noor Dahri, Executive Director, I.T.C.T."
https://youtu.be/NPw-Ca_7kyA
"Genuine Qur'an - by Zionistic Imam Sheikh Abdul Hadi Palazzi"
https://youtu.be/iR75Iavl5Sg
"Hero Muslim Arab I.D.F. Soldier incredible message after fighting off Terrorists"
https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ItrKQmcvMnM
"I.D.F. Encouraging Arab Christians to Join"
https://youtu.be/ZkAIiKgg3h0
"i24NEWS Interview with Noor Dahri on Israel-Pakistan Ties Causes Twitter Storm"
https://youtu.be/mrBU_NU6q-M
"I'm a Muslim Zionist. Here's Why"
https://youtu.be/G-KPRbeA0us
"Imam Tawhidi on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict"
https://youtu.be/US4YRAopb5A
"Israel-Hamas War: Who Are The Bedouin Arabs Supporting Israel Against Hamas?"
https://youtu.be/6imJH0epDjA
"Israel/Palestinian by Shaikh Mohammad Tawhidi"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WTIqH7uzX0o
"Israel Promotes Arab officer. Highest Rank for Muslim"
https://youtu.be/aSTO1sxfqWE
"Israeli Women and Arab-Israeli Women breaking Glass Ceiling in the I.D.F."
https://youtu.be/a8FVSsAxNP8
Jerusalem Post
https://youtu.be/rdVqnsBsuTs
"Muslim and Jew United For Peace: Imam Tawhidi"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6j1OuKIAGr0
"Muslim Cleric: Israel belongs to Jews"
https://youtu.be/3y0DR9-gcUQ
"Muslim I.D.F. Soldier Keeps Watch Over Israel's Gaza Border"
https://youtu.be/w0dOvJp1ZFM
"Muslims for Israel: Kasim Hafeez"
https://youtu.be/lNs9eN5y1N4
"Muslims for Israel: Salim Mansur"
https://youtu.be/D5Sm9lIWFqo
"Palestinian" [Resident Arab] Elder admits Arabs started massacring Jews before 1948"
https://youtu.be/xNx6Z9sus1U
"Peace between Jews and Muslims: Permissible and Achievable with Imam Mohammad Tawhidi"
https://youtu.be/gdnN00wlLl0
"R&B I.I.F.: Sheikh Abdul Hadi Palazzi Visits Jerusalem (Arutz Sheva)"
https://youtu.be/Y1SfysyNxc8
"Why Are More Israeli-Arabs Enlisting In The I.D.F.?"
https://youtu.be/pH6whcPJEmg
"Yahya: Muslim Arab Israeli Combat Soldier"
https://youtu.be/Frl5_YT7gVU
"'Zionist Sheikh' Palazzi Visits Jerusalem"
https://youtu.be/__eMrhAHoN4
************
Music for the Armies of The God Of Israel/Creator Of Heaven and Earth and All Humanity of the Reunifying Twelve Tribes of Jacob/Israel and Our Allies Worldwide Marching off to UNCONDITIONAL VICTORY over The N.W.O. C.F.R. W.E.F. Amalekite/Erev Rav Axis Armed Forces in the Third and Final World War/Third and Final War Of Gog and Magog underway in The Land Of Israel and Worldwide NOW:
Thus Says The God Of Israel/Yeshayahu-Isaiah 28:5-6
https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1028.htm
ה בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא, יִהְיֶה יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת, לַעֲטֶרֶת צְבִי, וְלִצְפִירַת תִּפְאָרָה--לִשְׁאָר, עַמּוֹ. 5 In that day shall the LORD of hosts be for a crown of glory, and for a diadem of beauty, unto the residue of His people;
ו וּלְרוּחַ, מִשְׁפָּט--לַיּוֹשֵׁב, עַל-הַמִּשְׁפָּט, וְלִגְבוּרָה, מְשִׁיבֵי מִלְחָמָה שָׁעְרָה. 6 And for a spirit of judgment to him that sitteth in judgment, and for strength to them that turn back the battle at the gate.
"[Armies of the God Of Israel] Show them [Amalek and the Erev Rav] no mercy, for you shall receive none"
https://youtu.be/Luf8RvKYBHw
"[Israelite] Pashtuns,The Lionhearts"
https://youtu.be/2rFOgR0sIiE
"[Israelite] Pashtuns,The Lionhearts"
https://youtu.be/2l5nP5UXNac
"[Israelite] Afghan Pashtuns The Lionhearts"
https://youtu.be/D3wuTVFkOEI
"[Celtic Israelite] Enya - May It Be (Official Lyric Video)"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nt3Ggo1CE3g
"[Celtic Israelite] Into the West"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HvF31-2bVNE
"[Celtic Israelite] Song of the Lonely Mountain Performed by Neil Finn: 'The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey'"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UJwyW9ngLNg
"[Celtic Israelite] The Hobbit: The Battle Of The Five Armies -- The Last Goodbye - Billy Boyd"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q8ir8rVl2Z4
"[Celtic Israelite] The Hobbit - Far Over the Misty Mountains Cold -- Clamavi De Profundis"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LY0lLcz3Qis&t=2s
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R&B Weekly Seminar: Lowell's Three Minute History Lesson (Episode #2 -- Monday, December 18th, 2023). Topic: "William Bradford (1590-1657 C.E.). Author: 'Of Plymouth Plantation'"
R&B Weekly Seminar: Root and Branch Association, Ltd. Fifth Israelite Monarchy Lowell's Three Minute History Lesson Weekly Seminars (Episode Two -- Monday, December 18th, 2023/Day 7, Tenth Israelite Month, 5784). Topic: "William Bradford (1590-1657 C.E.). Author: 'Of Plymouth Plantation'"
Repeatable Zoom Link for "Lowell's Three Minute History Lesson" Weekly Seminar:
https://us02web.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZ0tceqrqjIpE9Cx5XUutmOazuxhglM7J3t7#/registration
************
About William Bradford (1590-1657 C.E.). Author: "Of Plymouth Plantation":
William Bradford (governor)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
William Bradford
A conjectural image of Bradford, produced as a postcard in 1904 by A.S. Burbank of Plymouth[1]
2nd, 5th, 7th, 9th & 11th Governor of Plymouth Colony
In office
May 1621 – 1 January 1633
Preceded by John Carver
Succeeded by Edward Winslow
In office
3 March 1635 – 1 March 1636
Preceded by Thomas Prence
Succeeded by Edward Winslow
In office
7 March 1637 – 5 June 1638
Preceded by Edward Winslow
Succeeded by Thomas Prence
In office
3 June 1639 – 5 June 1644
Preceded by Thomas Prence
Succeeded by Edward Winslow
In office
4 June 1645 – 9 May 1657
Preceded by Edward Winslow
Succeeded by Thomas Prence
Commissioner of the United Colonies
In office
1647–1647
In office
1648–1648
In office
1649–1649
In office
1652–1652
In office
1656–1656
Personal details
Born ca. 19 March 1590
Austerfield, West Riding of Yorkshire, England
Died 9 May 1657 (aged 67)
Plymouth Colony
Spouse(s) Dorothy May[2]
Alice (Carpenter) Southworth[3]
Children 4
Occupation Weaver, settler
Profession Colonial governor, judge
Portfolio Treasurer, chief magistrate
Signature
William Bradford (c. 19 March 1590 – 9 May 1657) was an English Puritan Separatist originally from the West Riding of Yorkshire in Northern England. He moved to Leiden in Holland in order to escape persecution from King James I of England, and then emigrated to the Plymouth Colony on the Mayflower in 1620. He was a signatory to the Mayflower Compact and went on to serve as Governor of the Plymouth Colony intermittently for about 30 years between 1621 and 1657. He served as a commissioner of the United Colonies of New England on multiple occasions and served twice as president.[4] His journal Of Plymouth Plantation covered the years from 1620 to 1646 in Plymouth.[5]
Early life
Manor House, Austerfield—birthplace of William Bradford
William Bradford was born to Alice Hanson and William Bradford in Austerfield, West Riding of Yorkshire, and was baptized on 19 March 1590.[6][7] The family possessed a large farm and were considered wealthy and influential.[8][9] Bradford's grandfather was William Bradforthe, who had at least four children, including Bradford's father, and was probably of noble ancestry, according to researcher George J. Hill.[10]
Bradford's childhood was marked by numerous deaths in the family. He was just over a year old when his father died. His mother remarried when he was four years old, and he was sent to live with his grandfather.[6] His grandfather died two years later, and he returned to live with his mother and stepfather. His mother died a year later, in 1597, and Bradford thus became an orphan at the age of seven and was sent to live with two uncles.[6]
His uncles wanted him to help on the farm, and he later noted in his journal that he suffered at that time from a "long sickness" and was unable to work. He instead turned to reading and became familiar with the Bible and classic works of literature. This is seen by some as a key factor in his intellectual curiosity and his eventual attraction to the Separatist branch of Puritan theology.[11]
Separatist congregation
When Bradford was 12 years old, a friend invited him to hear the Rev. Richard Clyfton preach 10 miles away in All Saints' Church, Babworth in Nottinghamshire. Clyfton believed that the Church of England ought to eliminate all vestiges of Roman Catholic practices, and that this would result in a purer Christian church. Bradford was inspired by his preaching and continued to attend his sermons, even though he was forbidden by his uncles.[12] During one meeting, Bradford met William Brewster, a bailiff and postmaster[13] who lived at Scrooby manor, four miles from Austerfield. During frequent visits, Bradford borrowed books from him, and Brewster regaled him with stories of the efforts toward church reform taking place throughout England.[13]
King James I came to the English throne in 1603, declaring that he would put an end to church reform movements and deal harshly with radical critics of the Church of England.[14] By 1607, secret meetings were being held at Scrooby Manor and about 50 reform-minded individuals began to worship together, led by Richard Clyfton and the Rev. John Robinson. This group decided that reform of the Church of England was hopeless and they would sever all ties. Their weekly meetings eventually attracted the attention of the Archbishop of York, and many members of the congregation were arrested in 1607.[8] Brewster was found guilty of being "disobedient in matters of religion" and was fined. Some members were imprisoned and others were watched "night and day", according to Bradford, by those loyal to the archbishop.[8] Adding to their concerns, the Scrooby congregation learned that other dissenters in London had been imprisoned and left to starve.[15]
The Scrooby congregation decided in 1607 to leave England unlawfully for the Dutch Republic, where religious freedom was permitted, and Bradford determined to go with them. The group encountered several major setbacks when trying to leave England, most notably their betrayal by an English sea captain who had agreed to carry them to the Netherlands, but instead turned them over to the authorities.[16] Most of the congregation were imprisoned for a short time after this failed attempt, including Bradford.[17] By the summer of 1608, however, they managed to escape England in small groups and relocate to Leiden in the Dutch Republic. Bradford was 18.
In Leiden and London
A modern view of the city of Leiden featuring the Hooglandse Kerk
Bradford arrived in Amsterdam in August 1608. He had no family with him and was taken in by the Brewster household. The Scrooby congregation had to work the lowest of jobs and to live in poor conditions, being foreigners and having spent most of their money in attempts to get to the Dutch Republic. After nine months, the group chose to relocate to the smaller city of Leiden.[18]
Bradford continued to reside with the Brewster family in a poor Leiden neighborhood known as Stink Alley.[19] Conditions changed dramatically for him when he turned 21 and was able to claim his family inheritance in 1611. He bought his own house, set up a workshop as a fustian weaver (weaver of heavy cotton cloth for men's clothing), and earned a reputable standing.[20] In 1613, he married Dorothy May, the daughter of a well-off English couple living in Amsterdam. They were married in a civil service, as they could find no example of a religious service in the Scriptures.[21] In 1617, they had their first child, named John.[22]
In 1619, William Bradford sold his house in Leiden and appears in March 1620 tax records in London being taxed for personal property at the Duke's Place, Aldgate. Aldgate was an area of London known to be the residence of numerous Dutch merchants, as well as many religious dissenters. Some familiar Mayflower names of families living in the area included Allerton, Tilley, Sampson, and Hopkins.
One family in Aldgate played an important part in Bradford's life in America. Edward and Alice (Carpenter) Southworth and their two sons were residing at Heneage House, the Duke's Place, in Aldgate in 1620. Southworth was a highly respected leader of the Leiden group, but he died in 1621/22. His widow Alice emigrated to Plymouth Colony after Bradford's wife died, and they were married.[23]
Founding Plymouth Colony
Departure aboard the Speedwell
By 1617, the Scrooby congregation began to plan the establishment of their own colony in the Americas.[24] The Separatists could practice religion as they pleased in the Dutch Republic, but they were troubled by the fact that their children were being influenced by Dutch customs and language, after nearly ten years in the Netherlands.[25][26] Therefore, they commenced three years of difficult negotiations in England seeking permission to settle in the northern parts of the Colony of Virginia (which then extended north to the Hudson River).[27] The colonists also struggled to negotiate terms with a group of financial backers in London known as the Merchant Adventurers. By July 1620, Robert Cushman and John Carver had made the necessary arrangements, and approximately fifty Separatists departed Delftshaven on board the Speedwell.[28]
It was an emotional departure. Many families were split, as some Separatists stayed behind in the Netherlands, planning to make the voyage to the New World after the colony had been established. William and Dorothy Bradford left their three-year-old son John with Dorothy's parents in Amsterdam, possibly because he was too frail to make the voyage.[28]
According to the arrangements made by Carver and Cushman, the Speedwell was to meet with the Mayflower off the coast of England and both were destined for the northern part of the Colony of Virginia. The Speedwell, however, proved to be not structurally sound enough to make the voyage, and some of the passengers were transferred aboard the Mayflower, making crowded conditions. Joining the Scrooby congregation were about 50 colonists who had been recruited by the Merchant Adventurers for their vocational skills, which would prove useful in establishing a colony.[29] These passengers of the Mayflower, both Separatist and non-Separatist, are commonly referred to today as "Pilgrims." The term is derived from a passage in Bradford's journal, written years later, describing their departure from the Netherlands (itself an allusion to Hebrews 11:13 in the Bible):
...With mutual embraces and many tears, they took their leaves of one another, which proved to be the last leave to many of them...but they knew they were pilgrims and looked not much on those things, but lifted their eyes to heaven, their dearest country and quieted their spirits...[30]
The Mayflower voyage
Main article: Mayflower
Signing the Mayflower Compact 1620, a painting by Jean Leon Gerome Ferris from 1899
The Mayflower departed Plymouth, England on 6/16 September 1620. The 100-foot ship had 102 passengers and a crew of 30-40 in extremely cramped conditions. By the second month out, the ship was being buffeted by westerly gales, causing the ship's timbers to be badly shaken, with caulking failing to keep out sea water, and with passengers lying wet and ill, even in their berths. There were two deaths on the trip, a crew member and a passenger.
They spotted Cape Cod hook on 9/19 November 1620, after about a month of delays in England and two months at sea. They spent several days trying to get south to their planned destination of the Colony of Virginia, but strong winter seas forced them to return to the harbor at Cape Cod hook, now called Provincetown Harbor, where they anchored on 11/21 November 1620. The Mayflower Compact was signed that day, Bradford being one of the first to sign.[31][32]
Anchored and first explorations at Plymouth Colony
Bradford had yet to assume any significant leadership role in the colony by the time that he was 30. The Mayflower anchored in Provincetown Harbor and he volunteered to be a member of the exploration parties searching for a place for settlement.[33] In November and December, these parties made three separate ventures from the Mayflower on foot and by boat, finally locating Plymouth Harbor in mid-December and selecting that site for settlement.
During the first expedition on foot, Bradford got caught in a deer trap made by Indians and hauled nearly upside down.[34] The third exploration departed from the Mayflower on 6 December 1620 when a group of men (including Bradford) located Plymouth Bay. A winter storm nearly sank their boat as they approached the bay, but they managed to land on Clark's Island, suffering from severe exposure to the cold and waves.[35] During the ensuing days, they explored the bay and found a suitable place for settlement, now the site of downtown Plymouth, Massachusetts. The location featured a prominent hill ideal for a defensive fort. There were numerous brooks providing fresh water, and it had been the location of an Indian village known as Patuxet; therefore, much of the area had already been cleared for planting crops. The Patuxet tribe had been wiped out by plagues between 1616 and 1619, possibly as a result of contact with English fishermen[36] or from contact with the French to the north.[37] Bradford wrote that bones of the dead were clearly evident in many places.[38]
Loss of first wife
See also: List of Mayflower passengers who died at sea November/December 1620
When the exploring party made their way back on board, he learned of the death of his wife Dorothy. Dorothy (May) Bradford from Wisbech, Cambridgeshire, fell overboard off the deck of the Mayflower during his absence and drowned. William Bradford recorded her death in his journal.[39] Some historians speculate that she may have committed suicide.[40]
Great sickness
The Mayflower arrived in Plymouth Bay on 20 December 1620. The settlers began building the colony's first house on 25 December (Christmas). Their efforts were slowed, however, when a widespread sickness struck the settlers. The sickness had begun on the ship.[41] On 11 January 1621, Bradford was helping to build houses when he was suddenly struck with great pain in his hipbone and collapsed. He was taken to the "common house" (the only finished house built then) and it was feared that he would not last the night.[42]
Bradford recovered, but many of the other settlers were not so fortunate. During the months of February and March 1621, sometimes two or three people died a day. By the end of the winter, half of the 100 settlers had died.[43] In an attempt to hide their weakness from Native Americans who might be watching them, the settlers buried their dead in unmarked graves on Cole's Hill, often at night, and made efforts to conceal the burials.[44]
During the epidemic, there were only a small number of men who remained healthy and bore the responsibility of caring for the sick. One of these was Captain Myles Standish, a soldier who had been hired by the settlers to coordinate the defense of the colony. Standish cared for Bradford during his illness and this was the beginning of a bond of friendship between the two men.[45] Bradford was elected governor soon after Carver's death and, in that capacity, he worked closely with Standish. Bradford had no military experience and therefore came to rely on and trust the advice of Captain Myles Standish concerning military matters.[46]
Relationship with Massasoit
On 16 March, the settlers had their first meeting with the American Indians in the region when Samoset walked into the village of Plymouth as a representative of Massasoit, the sachem of the Pokanokets. This soon led to a visit by Massasoit himself on 22 March, during which he signed a treaty with John Carver, Governor of Plymouth, which declared an alliance between the Pokanokets and Plymouth, requiring them to aid one another militarily in times of need.[47]
Bradford recorded the language of the brief treaty in his journal. He soon became governor and the clause of the treaty that occupied much of his attention as governor pertained to mutual aid. It read, "If any did unjustly war against [Massasoit], we would aid him; if any did war against us, Massasoit should aid us."[48] This agreement secured the colonists with a faithful ally in New England, though it resulted in tensions between the colonists and Massasoit's rivals, such as the Narragansetts and the Massachusetts.[46]
Governor of Plymouth
Governor Bradford's house in Plymouth
In April 1621, Governor Carver collapsed while working in the fields on a hot day. He died a few days later. The settlers of Plymouth then chose Bradford as the new governor, a position which he retained off and on for the rest of his life.[49] The elected leadership of Plymouth Colony at first consisted of a governor and an assistant governor. The assistant governor for the first three years of the colony's history was Isaac Allerton. In 1624, the structure was changed to a governor and five assistants who were referred to as the "court of assistants," "magistrates," or the "governor's council." These men advised the governor and had the right to vote on important matters of governance, helping Bradford in guiding the growth of the colony and its improvised government.[50][51] Assistants during the early years of the colony included Thomas Prence, Stephen Hopkins, John Alden, and John Howland.[52]
Literary works
The front page of the Bradford journal
William Bradford's most well-known work by far is Of Plymouth Plantation. It is a detailed history in journal form about the founding of the Plymouth Colony and the lives of the colonists from 1621 to 1646,[54] a detailed account of his experiences and observations. The first part of the work was written in 1630; toward the end of his life, he updated it to provide "the account of the colony's struggles and achievements through the year 1646."[55] Bradford drew deep parallels between everyday life and the events of the Bible. As Philip Gould writes, "Bradford hoped to demonstrate the workings of divine providence for the edification of future generations."[55]
In 1888, Charles F. Richardson referred to Bradford as a "forerunner of literature" and "a story-teller of considerable power." Moses Coit Tyler called him "the father of American history."[56] Many American authors have cited his work in their writings; for example, Cotton Mather referred to it in Magnalia Christi Americana and Thomas Prince referred to it in A Chronological History of New-England in the Form of Annals. Even today it is considered a valuable piece of American literature, included in anthologies and studied in literature and history classes. It has been called an American classic and the preeminent work of art in seventeenth-century New England."[56]
The Of Plymouth Plantation manuscript disappeared by 1780,[57] "presumably stolen by a British soldier during the British occupation of Boston";[55] it reappeared in Fulham, London, in the Bishop of London's library at Fulham Palace.[55] A long debate ensued as to the rightful home for the manuscript. United States Senator George Frisbie Hoar and others made multiple attempts to have it returned, and the British finally relinquished it to Massachusetts on 26 May 1897.[58]
Bradford's journal also contributed to the book Mourt's Relation, which was written in part by Edward Winslow and published in England in 1622. It was intended to inform Europeans about the conditions surrounding the American colonists at the Plymouth Colony. Bradford's Dialogues are a collection of fictional conversations between the old and new generations, between "younge men" and "Ancient men".[59]
Family
Provincetown, Massachusetts memorial to Pilgrims who died at sea or on board the Mayflower in Cape Cod Harbor in November/December 1620
Bradford is honored on the 1920-21 U.S. commemorative Pilgrim Tercentenary half dollar, designed by Cyrus Dallin
William Bradford married:
Dorothy May in Amsterdam, Netherlands, on 10 December 1613. Their marriage record indicates that she was 16 years old and was from Wisbech in Cambridgeshire. The record also notes a Henry May, who may have been her father. William and Dorothy had one son.
Her death and memorial: On 17 December 1620, Dorothy fell from the deck of the Mayflower into the icy waters of Cape Cod Harbor, where the ship was anchored, and drowned. Her husband was with others on an expedition ashore and only learned of her death on his return to the Mayflower.
She was one of four Mayflower passengers who died between 14 and 18 December 1620, including Edward Thomson, Jasper More (age 7 years), and James Chilton. William Butten was the first to die in Provincetown Harbor, dying on 16 November. They are all commemorated on two cenotaphs in Provincetown, one at Winthrop Street Cemetery and one at the Mayflower Passengers Who Died at Sea Memorial. Their burial places ashore are unknown and may have been unmarked in those very early days after the Mayflower landing.
The death of these five persons was just a precursor of the deaths to come, consuming about half the Mayflower company in that first bitter winter of 1620–1621.
Alice (Carpenter) Southworth, age about 32, in Plymouth on 14 August 1623. She had arrived on the ship Anne some weeks earlier. Alice was the widow of Edward Southworth. She was one of five daughters of Alexander and Priscilla Carpenter of Wrington, co. Somerset in England, all being of Leiden about 1600. Alice brought two sons to the marriage: Constant, born about 1612, and Thomas, born about 1617. Alice and William had three children. She died in Plymouth on 26 March 1670 and was buried on Burial Hill in Plymouth near her husband's stone.[60][61][62]
Child of William and Dorothy Bradford:
John was born in Leiden, Holland, about 1617. He married Martha Bourne by 1650 but had no known children. He died in Norwich, Connecticut some time before 21 September 1676.
Children of William and Alice Bradford:
William was born on 17 June 1624 in Plymouth and died there on 20 February 1703/04. He was buried on Burial Hill in Plymouth.
William married:
1. Alice Richard after 23 April 1650 and had ten children. She died in Plymouth on 12 December 1671.
2. Sarah (____) Griswold about 1674 and had one son.
3. Mary (Atwood) Holmes about 1676 and had four children.
Mercy was born before 22 May 1627 and may have been dead before her father's 1657 will, as she was not mentioned. She married Benjamin Vermayes on 21 December 1648 in Plymouth but had no known children.[63]
Joseph was born about 1630. He married Jael Hobart on 25 May 1664 in Hingham and had three children. He died in Plymouth on 10 July 1715.[63]
Will, death and burial
Bradford died on May 9, 1657[64] and was buried on Burial Hill in Plymouth, where a cenotaph was erected in his memory.[65] The estate inventory was taken on May 22, 1657.[63]
Bradford was the focal point of the American Experience episode "The Pilgrims". He was played by Roger Rees.[66]
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About Mr. Lowell Joseph Gallin:
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Please subscribe (free and paid options) to Lowell's Substack Blogs:
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Please Read (free download) Lowell's New First Book:
"Cracking the Qur'an Code: God's Land, Torah and People Covenants with Israel in the Qur'an and Islamic Tradition" (2011 Second Edition)
https://www.academia.edu/652627/PLEASE_READ_LOWELLS_NEW_FIRST_BOOK_Cracking_the_Quran_Code_Gods_Land_Torah_and_People_Covenants_with_Israel_in_the_Quran_and_Islamic_Tradition_2011_Second_Edition_
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SEVEN PILLARS OF BIBLE BASED MESSIANIC GOOD GOVERNMENT OF THE EMERGING FIFTH ISRAELITE MONARCHY OF DANIEL'S VISION NOW BEING RESTORED IN JERUSALEM, ISRAEL (Daniel 2:44)
https://www.academia.edu/97397071/SEVEN_PILLARS_OF_BIBLE_BASED_MESSIANIC_GOOD_GOVERNMENT_OF_EMERGING_FIFTH_ISRAELITE_MONARCHY_OF_DANIELS_VISION_NOW_BEING_RESTORED_IN_JERUSALEM_ISRAEL_Daniel_2_44_
1.7 -- REBUILT THIRD AND FINAL ISRAELITE TEMPLE OF JERUSALEM
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_in_Jerusalem
2.7 -- RESTORED DAVIDIC MONARCHY (Mashiach Ben David/Messiah Son Of David)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(united_monarchy)
3.7 -- REGATHERED TWELVE TRIBES OF JACOB/ISRAEL (Council of Princes of Israel)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelve_Tribes_of_Israel
4.7 -- RESTORED SANHEDRIN/SUPREME COURT (Judges of Israel)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_judges
5.7 -- RESTORED PRIESTHOOD (Priests Of Israel)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohen
6.7 -- RESTORED PROPHETHOOD (Prophets Of Israel)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prophets_in_Judaism
7.7 -- RESTORED NATIONAL ASSEMBLY/BIBLICAL PEOPLE'S PARLIAMENT (Elders of Israel)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am_ha'aretz
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Thus Says The God Of Israel/Daniel 2:44
https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt3402.htm
מד וּבְיוֹמֵיהוֹן דִּי מַלְכַיָּא אִנּוּן, יְקִים אֱלָהּ שְׁמַיָּא מַלְכוּ דִּי לְעָלְמִין לָא תִתְחַבַּל, וּמַלְכוּתָה, לְעַם אָחֳרָן לָא תִשְׁתְּבִק; תַּדִּק וְתָסֵיף כָּל-אִלֵּין מַלְכְוָתָא, וְהִיא תְּקוּם לְעָלְמַיָּא.
(44) And in the days of those kings shall the God of heaven set up a kingdom [Fifth Israelite Monarchy], which shall never be destroyed; nor shall the kingdom be left to another people; it shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, but it shall stand for ever".
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Thus Says The God Of Israel/Daniel 2:44
https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt3402.htm
מד וּבְיוֹמֵיהוֹן דִּי מַלְכַיָּא אִנּוּן, יְקִים אֱלָהּ שְׁמַיָּא מַלְכוּ דִּי לְעָלְמִין לָא תִתְחַבַּל, וּמַלְכוּתָה, לְעַם אָחֳרָן לָא תִשְׁתְּבִק; תַּדִּק וְתָסֵיף כָּל-אִלֵּין מַלְכְוָתָא, וְהִיא תְּקוּם לְעָלְמַיָּא. 44 And in the days of those kings shall the God of heaven set up a kingdom, which shall never be destroyed; nor shall the kingdom be left to another people; it shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, but it shall stand for ever.
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Thus Says The God Of Israel/I Melachim-Kings I 18:30-32
https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt09a18.htm
ל וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלִיָּהוּ לְכָל-הָעָם גְּשׁוּ אֵלַי, וַיִּגְּשׁוּ כָל-הָעָם אֵלָיו; וַיְרַפֵּא אֶת-מִזְבַּח יְהוָה, הֶהָרוּס. 30 And Elijah said unto all the people: 'Come near unto me'; and all the people came near unto him. And he repaired the altar of the LORD that was thrown down.
לא וַיִּקַּח אֵלִיָּהוּ, שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה אֲבָנִים, כְּמִסְפַּר, שִׁבְטֵי בְנֵי-יַעֲקֹב--אֲשֶׁר הָיָה דְבַר-יְהוָה אֵלָיו לֵאמֹר, יִשְׂרָאֵל יִהְיֶה שְׁמֶךָ. 31 And Elijah took twelve stones, according to the number of the tribes of the sons of Jacob, unto whom the word of the LORD came, saying: 'Israel shall be thy name.'
לב וַיִּבְנֶה אֶת-הָאֲבָנִים מִזְבֵּחַ, בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה; וַיַּעַשׂ תְּעָלָה, כְּבֵית סָאתַיִם זֶרַע, סָבִיב, לַמִּזְבֵּחַ. 32 And with the stones he built an altar in the name of the LORD; and he made a trench about the altar, as great as would contain two measures of seed.
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Thus Says The God Of Israel/Tehillim-Psalm 72:1-4
https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt2672.htm
א לִשְׁלֹמֹה: אֱלֹהִים--מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ, לְמֶלֶךְ תֵּן; וְצִדְקָתְךָ לְבֶן-מֶלֶךְ. 1 [A Psalm] of Solomon. Give the king Thy judgments, O God, and Thy righteousness unto the king's son;
ב יָדִין עַמְּךָ בְצֶדֶק; וַעֲנִיֶּיךָ בְמִשְׁפָּט. 2 That he may judge Thy people with righteousness, and Thy poor with justice.
ג יִשְׂאוּ הָרִים שָׁלוֹם לָעָם; וּגְבָעוֹת, בִּצְדָקָה. 3 Let the mountains bear peace to the people, and the hills, through righteousness.
ד יִשְׁפֹּט, עֲנִיֵּי-עָם--יוֹשִׁיעַ, לִבְנֵי אֶבְיוֹן; וִידַכֵּא עוֹשֵׁק. 4 May he judge the poor of the people, and save the children of the needy, and crush the oppressor.
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Yeshayahu-Isaiah 27:14: "It shall come to pass in That Day that a GREAT HORN (Shofar) shall be blown" when The God Of Israel/Creator of All Humanity SUMMONS the Lost Ten Tribes of Jacob/Israel to REUNIFY and COME HOME to the God, Land, Torah and People of Israel [rejoin the Twelve Tribes of Jacob/Israel], a Divine Redemptive Process underway now in our End/New Beginning of Days
"Return of the King [of Israel]: The Ride of the Rohirrim"
https://youtu.be/7lwJOxN_gXc
"Boromir Blows The Horn of Gondor"
https://youtu.be/dc6aciIhO6c
"That is no Orc Horn" "The Lord of the Rings - Haldir brings aid to Helm's Deep"
https://youtu.be/eFMK7GG0bLc
"LOTR: The Two Towers - Horn of Helm Hammerhand"
https://youtu.be/UayQi2tdJTw
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INSPIRING WORDS OF ENCOURAGEMENT AND GLORIOUS MUSIC FROM CELTIC-ISRAELITE ENGLAND, IRELAND, SCOTLAND AND WALES
"British Patriotic Song: Land of Hope and Glory"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lymc9Jj_E3U
"Darkest Hour | Winston Churchill Takes the Tube"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Vul9-ToKuk
"D-Day's 'Forgotten Man'"
https://youtu.be/l8avIiYGRgM
"I Vow To Thee My Country | The Bands of HM Royal Marines"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GZNJFrb0IGo
"Jewish Infantry Brigade of British 8th Army 220663-02 | Footage Farm"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Y6owz0xAeQ
"Nimrod"
London Symphony Orchestra & Voice of Sir Winston Churchill z"l (of blessed memory)
https://youtu.be/Kx3W4F80L04
"Spanish Armada / Battle Speech -- ;Elizabeth: The Golden Age' (2007)"
https://youtu.be/qMxPraQ3fDA
"Their Finest Hour Speech by Winston Churchill"
https://youtu.be/6jjhxeHIjvU
"(There'll Be Bluebirds Over) The White Cliffs Of Dover"
Dame Vera Margaret Lynn CH DBE OStJ z"l (of blessed memory)
(née Welch; 20 March 1917 – 18 June 2020)
https://youtu.be/WAaxkAgVkHQ
"Who was Boudica? The Vengeance and Legacy of a Celtic Warrior Queen"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5Xnrp0TuaA
"Zadok the Priest — Choir of Westminster Abbey"
https://youtu.be/MiXgOQ9_-RI
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Honoring HaShem's Shahids: Our Allied Fighters (Arab Christian and Muslim Warriors, Bedouin Muslim Warriors, Circassian Muslim Warriors, Druze Warriors, among others) in the Growing Global Armies of The God Of Israel/Creator Of Heaven and Earth and All Humanity Fighting Our Jewish Jihad and HaShem's Holy War against the Erev Rav and Amalek
"New Message from Son of Hamas Leader Mosab Hassan Yousef To The World"
https://youtu.be/6cIBzZylOpk
939,000 views -- Recorded Oct 28, 2023
"Mosab Hassan Yousef, son of Hamas leader, Hassan Yousef, delivers a powerful new message to people around the world that chant 'Free Palestine'"
"Arab Muslim for Israel: Mithal Alusi"
https://youtu.be/ddE6OvOVt2k
"Arab Muslims for Israel: Sheikh Ahmad al-Adwan"
https://youtu.be/YM0meR430fw
"Arab Muslim in the Israel Defense Forces"
https://youtu.be/TRhXUo9tCgk
"Arab Muslim Twins From East Jerusalem, Now Serving in the Israel Defense Forces"
https://youtu.be/ij-AhZos814
"Behind the Scenes: Israeli Arab Society" with Yoseph Haddad. Episode 1: Arabs in the I.D.F."
https://youtu.be/4r9KvtCGsug
"Can Arabs serve in elite units in the I.D.F.?"
https://youtu.be/aH30c6VTvwk
"C.N.N.: Arabs fighting for Israel"
https://youtu.be/zw3K_756GzI
"Egyptian Imam Mazhar Shaheen: Israel is not the Enemy!"
https://youtu.be/KmTrPeZQo4I
"Father Gabriel Naddaf: Why All Christians Must Support Israel"
https://youtu.be/GkLeCmTPLtM
"Female Arab Soldier: 'I Came to Serve My Country and My Home'"
https://youtu.be/kGv9mym3Sqk
"From Jihadist to Muslim Zionist: A Personal Journey. Noor Dahri, Executive Director, I.T.C.T."
https://youtu.be/NPw-Ca_7kyA
"Hero Muslim Arab I.D.F. Soldier incredible message after fighting off Terrorists"
https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ItrKQmcvMnM
"I.D.F. Encouraging Arab Christians to Join"
https://youtu.be/ZkAIiKgg3h0
"i24NEWS Interview with Noor Dahri on Israel-Pakistan Ties Causes Twitter Storm"
https://youtu.be/mrBU_NU6q-M
"I'm a Muslim Zionist. Here's Why"
https://youtu.be/G-KPRbeA0us
"Imam Tawhidi on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict"
https://youtu.be/US4YRAopb5A
"Israel-Hamas War: Who Are The Bedouin Arabs Supporting Israel Against Hamas?"
https://youtu.be/6imJH0epDjA
"Israel/Palestinian by Shaikh Mohammad Tawhidi"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WTIqH7uzX0o
"Israel Promotes Arab officer. Highest Rank for Muslim"
https://youtu.be/aSTO1sxfqWE
"Israeli Women and Arab-Israeli Women breaking Glass Ceiling in the I.D.F."
https://youtu.be/a8FVSsAxNP8
"Muslim and Jew United For Peace: Imam Tawhidi"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6j1OuKIAGr0
"Muslim I.D.F. Soldier Keeps Watch Over Israel's Gaza Border"
https://youtu.be/w0dOvJp1ZFM
"Muslims for Israel: Kasim Hafeez"
https://youtu.be/lNs9eN5y1N4
"Muslims for Israel: Salim Mansur"
https://youtu.be/D5Sm9lIWFqo
"Palestinian" [Resident Arab] Elder admits Arabs started massacring Jews before 1948"
https://youtu.be/xNx6Z9sus1U
"Peace between Jews and Muslims: Permissible and Achievable with Imam Mohammad Tawhidi"
https://youtu.be/gdnN00wlLl0
"Why Are More Israeli-Arabs Enlisting In The I.D.F.?"
https://youtu.be/pH6whcPJEmg
"Yahya: Muslim Arab Israeli Combat Soldier"
https://youtu.be/Frl5_YT7gVU
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Music for the Armies of The God Of Israel/Creator Of Heaven and Earth and All Humanity of the Reunifying Twelve Tribes of Jacob/Israel and Our Allies Worldwide Marching off to UNCONDITIONAL VICTORY over The N.W.O. C.F.R. W.E.F. Amalekite/Erev Rav Axis Armed Forces in the Third and Final World War/Third and Final War Of Gog and Magog underway in The Land Of Israel and Worldwide NOW:
Thus Says The God Of Israel/Yeshayahu-Isaiah 28:5-6
https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1028.htm
ה בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא, יִהְיֶה יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת, לַעֲטֶרֶת צְבִי, וְלִצְפִירַת תִּפְאָרָה--לִשְׁאָר, עַמּוֹ. 5 In that day shall the LORD of hosts be for a crown of glory, and for a diadem of beauty, unto the residue of His people;
ו וּלְרוּחַ, מִשְׁפָּט--לַיּוֹשֵׁב, עַל-הַמִּשְׁפָּט, וְלִגְבוּרָה, מְשִׁיבֵי מִלְחָמָה שָׁעְרָה. 6 And for a spirit of judgment to him that sitteth in judgment, and for strength to them that turn back the battle at the gate.
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https://youtu.be/Luf8RvKYBHw
"[Israelite] Pashtuns,The Lionhearts"
https://youtu.be/2rFOgR0sIiE
"[Israelite] Pashtuns,The Lionhearts"
https://youtu.be/2l5nP5UXNac
"[Israelite] Afghan Pashtuns The Lionhearts"
https://youtu.be/D3wuTVFkOEI
"[Celtic Israelite] Enya - May It Be (Official Lyric Video)"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nt3Ggo1CE3g
"[Celtic Israelite] Into the West"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HvF31-2bVNE
"[Celtic Israelite] Song of the Lonely Mountain Performed by Neil Finn: 'The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey'"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UJwyW9ngLNg
"[Celtic Israelite] The Hobbit: The Battle Of The Five Armies -- The Last Goodbye - Billy Boyd"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q8ir8rVl2Z4
"[Celtic Israelite] The Hobbit - Far Over the Misty Mountains Cold -- Clamavi De Profundis"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LY0lLcz3Qis&t=2s
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