Up and Atom Archive Channel

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are owner. Check out the video we did on James's channel! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqRH22vQDdw&feature=youtu.be Check out Tyler's animation channel! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKaBOWQGbSJouF84S8TPvSQ *SUBSCRIBE TO UP AND ATOM* https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom Physics, math, computer science. New videos every week! *Let's be friends :)* TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en *Other Videos You Might Like* Math, When Are You Going To Use It? https://youtu.be/KX608C2RZek Quantum Cryptography Explained Simply https://youtu.be/uiiaAJ3c6dM Are Forcefields Possible? https://youtu.be/ttno673mt2w https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are owner. The problems with linear regression in data science/analysis. Taken from a chapter of Jordan Ellenberg's amazing book How Not to Be Wrong: The Power of Mathematical Thinking. Thanks to the Vlogbrothers for their sponsorship of this video. Hi! I'm Jade. Subscribe to Up and Atom for new physics, math and computer science videos every week! *SUBSCRIBE TO UP AND ATOM* https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom *Let's be friends :)* TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en *Other Videos You Might Like* Math, When Are You Going To Use It? https://youtu.be/KX608C2RZek Quantum Cryptography Explained Simply https://youtu.be/uiiaAJ3c6dM Are Forcefields Possible? https://youtu.be/ttno673mt2w *SOURCES* How To Not Be Wrong, The Power of Mathematical Thinking - Jordan Ellenberg https://www.amazon.com/How-Not-Be-Wrong-Mathematical/dp/0143127535 https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are owner. Quantum Cryptography explained simply. Regular encryption is breakable, but not quantum cryptography. Today we'll look at the simplest case of quantum cryptography, quantum key distribution. It uses the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle to prevent eavesdroppers from cracking the code. Hi! I'm Jade. Subscribe to Up and Atom for new physics, math and computer science videos every week! *SUBSCRIBE TO UP AND ATOM* https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom *Let's be friends :)* TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en *QUANTUM PLAYLIST* https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1lNrW4e0G8WmWpW846oE_m92nw3rlOpz *SOURCES* http://gva.noekeon.org/QCandSKD/QCandSKD-introduction.html https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/vpns/quantum-encryption-means-perfect-security-986 https://science.howstuffworks.com/science-vs-myth/everyday-myths/quantum-cryptology.htm The Code Book - Simon Singh *MUSIC* Prelude No. 14 by Chris Zabriskie is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Source: http://chriszabriskie.com/preludes/ Artist: http://chriszabriskie.com/ https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

181122 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are owner. Why are soap bubbles rainbow colored? Iridescence explained both by wave theory and QED (quantum electrodynamics). Hi! I'm Jade. I'm an Aussie with a Bachelor's degree in Applied Physics. After three years and over 100 lab sessions, I realized I'm terrible at experiments. So now I make physics and maths videos on YouTube :) Check out my channel and subscribe if you like: *SUBSCRIBE* https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom *Let's be friends :)* TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en *Other Videos You Might Like!* Are Forcefields Possible? https://youtu.be/ttno673mt2w Math, When Are You Going to Use It? https://youtu.be/KX608C2RZek Would Physics Be the Same in a Mirror Universe? https://youtu.be/HNxss6QKu60 Want to know more? Here's where I found info for this video: *Wave stuff* http://www.exploratorium.edu/ronh/bubbles/bubble_colors.html http://www.vias.org/physics/example_6_3_01.html http://soapbubble.dk/english/science/the-colours-of-soap-bubbles/ *Particle stuff* QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter - Richard Feynman https://www.amazon.com/QED-Strange-Princeton-Science-Library/dp/0691164096/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1506627956&sr=8-1&keywords=QED https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

050419 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. Is Violet's forcefield from The Incredibles 2 possible? Why don't they exist in real life? Are they physically possible? Come find out. Hi! I'm Jade. I'm an Aussie with a Bachelor's degree in Applied Physics. After three years and over 100 lab sessions, I realized I'm terrible at experiments. So now I make physics and maths videos on YouTube :) Check out my channel and subscribe if you like: *SUBSCRIBE* https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom Visit the Up and Atom Store https://store.nebula.app/collections/up-and-atom *Let's be friends :)* TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en *Other Videos You Might Like!* Math, When Are You Going to Use It? https://youtu.be/KX608C2RZek The Physics of Free Will https://youtu.be/qRKXFDNjwJ0 Would Physics Be the Same in a Mirror Universe? https://youtu.be/HNxss6QKu60 Big thank you to Mr. Beat for supplying the footage with the transition glasses! Check out his channel here: https://www.youtube.com/user/iammrbeat *SOURCES* Physics of the Impossible - Michio Kaku https://www.amazon.com/Physics-Impossible-Scientific-Exploration-Teleportation/dp/0307278824 Force field movie clips: Epic Fight Scenes: #9 - Dune (Shield Practice) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RkQFhPJuxgk FANTASTIC FOUR "Let's get invisible" [Invisible Woman] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2p72jlqWMI0 Star Trek vs Star Wars: Shields https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X5R9S-dmyZM&t=32s The Incredibles - Violet VS Dash https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-bFu0Q5MQA0 https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. If you're in or went to high school, you're familiar with the phrase "When am I ever going to use this?" when talking about pretty much anything you learn in math class. This is the answer to that question. The real answer, not something like "one day a stranger might point a gun to your head and ask you to recite the quadratic formula". Hi! I'm Jade. I'm an Aussie with a Bachelor's degree in Applied Physics. After three years and over 100 lab sessions, I realized I'm terrible at experiments. So now I make physics and maths videos on YouTube :) Check out my channel and subscribe if you like: *Education Collaboration Playlist* https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLlt1h57yoMAGnjXucpnsI--Em-P7weIdG *SUBSCRIBE* https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom *Let's be friends :)* TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en *Other Videos You Might Like* Are Force Fields Possible? https://youtu.be/ttno673mt2w Einstein's Pole in the Barn Paradox https://youtu.be/YVhI45_WzJ4 *Sources* https://www.amazon.com/How-Not-Be-Wrong-Mathematical/dp/0143127535 https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

010123 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. A surprisingly tricky card riddle. You'll need to put your thinking caps on for this one. Hi! I'm Jade. I'm an Aussie with a Bachelor's degree in Applied Physics. After three years and over 100 lab sessions, I realized I'm terrible at experiments. So now I make physics and maths videos on YouTube :) Check out my channel and subscribe if you like: *SUBSCRIBE* https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom Thank you to Philip Thomas for providing this fun logic riddle. For more, go to his website: http://psthomas.com/LogicPuzzles.html *Let's be friends :)* TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en *Other Video You Might Like* Maxwell's Demon: Can Entropy Be Reversed? https://youtu.be/ULbHW5yiDwk Einstein's Pole in the Barn Paradox https://youtu.be/YVhI45_WzJ4 https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

280319 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. Do we really have free will? What does physics have to say about it? Hi! I'm Jade. I make physics videos about time, entropy, space, relativity and quantum physics. Check out my channel and subscribe if you like :) *SUBSCRIBE* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCSIvk78tK2TiviLQn4fSHaw *Let's be friends :)* TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en *Sources* Paradox: The Nine Greatest Enigmas in Physics Book by Jim Al-Khalili *Music* http://www.bensound.com/ https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. NASA'S TRAPPIST-1 exoplanet discovery by the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. A treasure trove of planets found by the Spitzer telescope. Seven (7) Earth sized planets discovered orbiting the TRAPPIST-1 ultracool dwarf star. 40 light years away in the constellation of Aquarius, seven earth sized exoplanets have been discovered. This is the largest amount of exoplanets that have ever been found around a single star. The star was actually found in May 2016 and given the name TRAPPIST-1, TRAnsiting Planets and PlanetesImals Small Telescope in Chile. The TRAPPIST 1 star was detected by an infrared telescope called the Spitzer and monitored for 500 hours. 7 exoplanets were found, three of which are in the habitable zone. Music: Hypnothis by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100634 Artist: http://incompetech.com/ https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. A simple and easy introduction to electricity. It covers electric charge, the discovery of electricity, the nature of electricity and some of the more technical stuff for the classroom for you students. Hi! I'm Jade. I make physics videos that will make you smarter while making you smile :) ***SUBSCRIBE*** https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom ***Let's be friends*** TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en ***RELATED VIDEOS YOU WILL LOVE*** What is Coulomb's Law? (with example) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1JdgxF84mSY What is an Electric Field? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDJwqxpzA7A How to Calculate the Force Between THREE Charges https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R8euHjXaIcE The Double Slit Experiment: Light as a Wave https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gRX-s0p4HpM ____________________________________________________________________ Discovery of Electricity - the first recordings of electricity were by the ancient Egyptians in the form of these strange electric fish swimming in the Nile. The second encounter with electricity were recorded by the ancient greeks who discovered that if you rub amber with cats fur, it attracted feathers. Although they didn't know what was happening, it made them very curious indeed... Electric charge - Around the 18th century, people discovered this mysterious force between objects was because of electric charges. The first thing you need to know about charges is that there are two types: positive and negative. It was found through experiment that like charges repel and opposite charges attract. Also, EVERYTHING has electric charge. So why isn't everything being attracted and repelled by everything else? Because there is usually equal distribution of electric charge on objects, leaving the overall charge neutral. The nature of electricity - So what was happening in ancient Greece with the amber, cats fur and the feather? When the cats fur was rubbed on the amber, some negative electric charge was transferred from the cats fur to the amber, leaving it negatively charged. When placed near the feather, the negatively charged amber would repel some of the negative charges in the feather, leaving the feather positively charged. Now the positively charged feather is attracted to the negatively charged amber! Technical stuff - Charge is a NOT an object, it is a property of an object. Lastly, the SI unit for charge is the Coulomb, named after Charles Augustine de Coulomb. Does electric shock cure headache? http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2257085/The-electric-shock-cure-headache-releasing-bodys-powerful-painkillers.html https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. The Physics of Santa. With nearly 2 billion children in the world, how does Santa deliver all those presents on Christmas Eve? Hi! I'm Jade. I want to share the wonderful world of physics with you in an easy and fun way. ***SUBSCRIBE*** https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom ***Let's be friends*** TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en ***MORE VIDEOS YOU'LL LOVE*** Why Does Time Go Forward? https://youtu.be/PUr5dR0q3UE 50 AMAZING Physics Facts to Blow Your Mind! https://youtu.be/BUebQNPBLSo MUSIC: Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100270 Artist: http://incompetech.com/ Sources: http://www.fnal.gov/pub/ferminews/santa/ Thanks for watching! __________________________________________________________________ So it's that time of year again where we all start wondering, with nearly 2 billion children in the world, how does Santa deliver all those presents? The speed and payload of Santa and his reindeer would create an enormous amount of air resistance, burning up those reindeer in the same way as a meteor entering the atmosphere. At that speed, Santa would be thrust back in his seat with centrifugal forces several thousand times that of gravity. But this can't be happening, otherwise, where are all the presents coming from? Some think that Santa must use some kind of heat resistant shield for his reindeer and sleigh, kind of like the ones we use on space capsules to stop them burning up. Now about the timing, one theory is that if Santa has the technology to create these super heat resistant shields, he should also have technology advanced enough to travel at nearly the speed of light. This actually solves a lot of problems. 1- With Santa travelling at nearly the speed of light he'd be able to deliver all the presents in just 500 seconds. 2- It would explain why Santa never gets any older. Einsteins theory of special relativity tells us that the faster you move, the more time slows down. This is called Time Dilation, and it happens because the speed of light is always constant in a vacuum. 3- It also explains how Santa and his big belly fir down your chimney every year. Special relativity also tells us that objects that travel close to the speed of light experience length contraction (they get skinnier), meaning that if Santa was travelling close to the speed of light he'd easily be skinny enough to fit down your chimney. 4- Finally it explains why no one has ever seen Santa flying across the night sky on Christmas Eve. When certain charged particles travel faster than the speed of light they emit a blue glow, know as Cerenkov (Cherenkov) radiation. So Santa would be seen as streaks of blue light flying across the night sky on Christmas Eve. Merry Christmas! https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. Einstein's pole in the barn paradox. In this video we talk about aspects of special relativity like length contraction and simultaneous events to solve Einstein's pole in the barn paradox. Hi I'm Jade. I stick to theoretical physics because my hands break things :) ***SUBSCRIBE*** https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom Visit the Up and Atom Store https://store.nebula.app/collections/up-and-atom ***Let's be friends*** TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en ***WATCH MY LAST VIDEO*** What is Quantum Teleportation? https://youtu.be/1MpBsYvf7GE ***MUSIC*** bensound.com ***SOURCES*** Paradox: The Nine Greatest Enigma's in Physics - Jim Al-Khalili ________________________________________________________________ Today we dive into the weird and wonderful world of relativity with an Einstein Paradox: There is a pole vaulter on a farm, and to get to the bar she needs to run through a barn. Earlier that day, she measured the length of her pole against the barn and found it was twice its length. Is there a way this pole vaulter can fit her pole inside the barn? At any normal human speed, this would be impossible. But what if Alberta were running at nearly the speed of light? When objects are travelling at nearly the speed of light, they contract in length in a process known as length contraction. So if Alberta is running toward the barn at near light speed, from your reference frame she contracts in length in the direction of travel. So it's perfectly possible her pole can fit inside the barn with both doors closed. But this still isn't a paradox until we consider things from Alberta's reference frame, as all motion is relative. From Alberta's reference frame, she is stationary and the barn is moving, so the barn is what contracts in length. So there's no way she could fit inside, as it was already too small to begin with. So what's happening? The solution lies in what we mean by "simultaneous events". Special relativity tells us that there is no absolute time, there are only reference frames. So from your reference frame, the timer goes off and the signal reaches both doors at the exact same time. But from Alberta's reference frame, the signal reaches the doors at different times, and so she experiences the doors closing and opening at different times. This is what allows both reference frames to coexist. That time is relative. https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. An easy explanation of Quantum Teleportation and how it works. Hi! I'm Jade. I draw pictures that move and become animated physics videos. Subscribe for new videos every second Thursday! ***SUBSCRIBE TO TOBY'S CHANNEL*** https://www.youtube.com/user/tibees ***Let's be friends*** TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en _________________________________________________________________ So how does quantum teleportation work? The information needs to be sent through two entangled particles. So if Toby wants to quantum teleport something to me, we both need one half of an entangled pair of particles. Quantum teleportation should really be called quantum communication because we're not actually teleporting anything physical. We're teleporting information. We're sending information between two entangled particles. Also, we're sending quantum information, which is a bit different from classical information. Quantum information needs to be embedded in a quantum particles. It also can't be copied or destroyed. A bit of quantum information is called a qubit. If toby wants to quantum teleport a qubit to me, it needs to be embedded in a third particle. She wants to send a qubit from her quantum particle to my entangled particle. To do this, she needs to perform a quantum operation which, due to the entanglement, makes her qubit appear on mine. But this is not superluminal (faster than light) communication. This is encapsulated by the no-go theorem. https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. Maxwell's Demon. Maxwell's famous thought experiment. Can we break the second law of thermodynamics? Can entropy be reversed? Hi! I'm Jade. I draw pictures that move and become animated physics videos. ***SUBSCRIBE*** https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom ***Let's be friends*** TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en ***MORE VIDEOS YOU'LL LOVE*** Quantum Paradox: The Exploding Bomb and the Photon - https://youtu.be/wiW7jhdKDVA Why Does Time Go Forward? https://youtu.be/PUr5dR0q3UE MUSIC: bensound.com __________________________________________________________________ Today we are going to try to break the second law of thermodynamics! Remember that law? It comes in many forms: 1. The entropy/disorder of the universe is always increasing. But it can also be written as 2. The energy in the universe available to do useful work is always decreasing. When things are in a low entropy ordered state, they can do what scientists call "useful work". Imagine a box with hot air on one side and cold air on the other. This is a very ordered low entropy state, and the temperature difference can be used to power an engine or create electricity. As the air reaches thermal equilibrium, the energy available to do useful work has decreased, until it becomes nothing at all. This will never spontaneously reverse into useful, hot and cold air again. Unless outside work is put in, like a heat pump. But the work used by the heat pump to create the temperature difference is always going to be more than the work the temperature difference can create. So we always put in more than what we get out. In other words, you can't get something for nothing. But James Clerk Maxwell didn't like this one bit. He came up with a thought experiment in hope of breaking the second law of thermodynamics. Maxwell's Demon. Maxwell's Demon's only job is to let hot air molecules through to the left side and cold air molecules through to the right. Eventually, there would be all hot air on one side and all cold air on the other. So where is the increase in entropy coming from? This baffled scientists for over a century. It seems like with information Maxwell's Demon has defied this universal law. Leo Szilard came along with the answer. The increase in entropy was in the demons brain. To separate the molecules, Maxwell's Demon needs to be constantly measuring molecules, obtaining information and making memories. He uses this information to lower the entropy of the box, but he is using energy to organise information in his brain. Maxwell's demon's brain is also a finite size, and he needs to delete information to make room for more when it gets full. This erasing of information causes heat, entropy increases and the second law of thermodynamics prevails. So, no, you can't get something for nothing. https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. Why does time go forward? How does Entropy relate to the direction of time? What really is time, and what gives it a direction? The Arrow of Time. Hi! I'm Jade. I draw pictures that move and become animated physics videos. ***SUBSCRIBE*** https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom ***Let's be friends*** TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en ***MORE VIDEOS YOU'LL LOVE*** 50 AMAZING Physics Facts to Blow Your Mind! https://youtu.be/BUebQNPBLSo Could Quantum Superposition Stop a Bomb Exploding?https://youtu.be/wiW7jhdKDVA MUSIC: http://www.bensound.com Thanks for watching! __________________________________________________________________ We all think of time as having a direction. Yesterday is the past, tomorrow is the future. But what if I told you that none of the equations that govern our universe have anything to do with the direction of time. So what gives time its direction? The arrow of time is given purely by the second law of thermodynamics. The second law of thermodynamics says that the ENTROPY of the universe is always increasing. Entropy is the measure of randomness and disorder of a system. One day our universe will reach a point of maximum entropy, and time as we know it will cease to exist. There will be no distinction between past, present and future. This one aspect of our universe (entropy) is what gives time its arrow. In the past there was lower entropy than now, and in the future there will be higher entropy. So why is Entropy always increasing? Well, disorder is more likely than order. There are plenty of ways to be in a disordered state, while there are very few ways to be in an ordered state. Disorder is more probable than order. The real question is, why was entropy ever low in the first place? It seems kind of strange that such an unlikely event should happen. This question is one of the biggest unsolved mysteries in physics. One theory is that we live in a multiverse, where baby universes are being born all the time. The baby universe start with low entropy, but the entropy of the entire multiverse increases. If physicists manage to crack that one, all questions will be answered, we'd be able to understand the mysteries of our universe and the Arrow of Time. https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

180123 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. How can you see into the past? Why can't you burp in Space? A list of the top 50 physics facts to blow your mind. Hi! I'm Jade. I make short, simple physics videos that can be understood by everyone. ***SUBSCRIBE*** https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom ***Let's be friends*** TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en ***OTHER VIDEOS YOU'LL LOVE*** A Quantum Paradox: The Exploding Bomb and the Photon https://youtu.be/wiW7jhdKDVA How Many Dimensions Can You See? https://youtu.be/cwWbSVzAFLQ MUSIC: Back on Track - Latinesque by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100426 Artist: http://incompetech.com/ Thanks for watching! https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. Elitzur-Vaidman bomb tester. You have a bunch of bombs, but some of them are duds. Can quantum physics help us find the live ones without detonating any of them? Hi! I'm Jade. I draw pictures that move and become animated physics videos. ***SUBSCRIBE*** https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom ***Let's be friends*** TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en ***MORE QUANTUM PHYSICS VIDEOS*** Maxwell's Demon - Why You Can't Get Something For Nothing https://youtu.be/ULbHW5yiDwk The Double Slit Experiment: Light as a Wave https://youtu.be/gRX-s0p4HpM MUSIC: http://www.bensound.com Thanks for watching! __________________________________________________________________ Imagine you have a bunch of photon-sensitive bombs, so if you shine a single photon at any of them they will detonate and explode. But the problem is that some of these bombs are duds. Is there a way to test which bombs are live and which bombs are duds without detonating any of them? Quantum physics says there is! A thought experiment called the Elitzure-Vaidman bomb tester uses the principles of quantum superposition to perform an interaction-free measurement. In short, this means they can test if a bomb is live without and explosion. An Elitzur-Vaidman bomb-tester uses a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, with the light source emitting only single photons at a time. Classically, we would expect that 50% of the time the photon showed up on detector A and 50% of the time it showed up on detector B. However, the results showed that 100% of the time the photon showed up on detector A. So what was going on? Well a photon is a quantum object so it no longer obeys the laws of classical physics. The photon undergoes quantum superposition, takes both paths and interferes with itself. So how can we use this weird phenomena of quantum superposition to test bombs? Well if we place a dud bomb in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, from the perspective of the photon, nothing has changed. It still undergoes quantum superposition and there is a 50/50 chance it will show up on either detector. Now if we place a live bomb in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, if the photon takes the path of the bomb nothing will show up on either detector. If the photon takes the other path there is a 50/50 chance it will show up on either detector. This asymmetry means the photon can no longer undergo quantum superposition and is forced to choose a path. So if a photon is detected on detector B, we know it is a live bomb without the photon having to interact with it. https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. Flatland and how many dimensions you can see (HINT: it's not 3!) Hi! I'm Jade. I make physics videos that will make you smarter while making you smile :) ***SUBSCRIBE*** https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom ***Let's be friends*** TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en ***RELATED VIDEOS YOU WILL LOVE*** The Double Slit Experiment: Light as a Wave https://youtu.be/gRX-s0p4HpM MAXWELL'S DEMON - Why You Can't Get Something For Nothing https://youtu.be/ULbHW5yiDwk Wikipedia link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depth_perception MUSIC: http://www.bensound.com Thanks for watching! ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Do we see the world in 2D or 3D? Seems obvious doesn't it? Not so fast. To begin to understand we need to take a trip to a lower dimensional land. Lineland is a one dimensional world where only lines exist. There is only left and right. Up, down, back and forth do not exist. Now what would an interaction between two citizens of line land look like? To each other, one dimensional lines LOOK like zero dimensional points. This is because, from their perspective, they can only see the front of each other. Even if they had see-through vision it would just look like a series of overlapping points. So in a 1 dimensional world, the citizens see in zero dimensions. Now let's move up one dimension. Flatland is a two dimensional world which is perfectly flat. There is left, right, back, and forth, but no up and down. If we take a look at an interaction between some citizens of flatland, we see that to each other they all look like lines. So in a two dimensional world, the citizens see in one dimension. So in a 1D world, they have 0D vision, in a 2D world, they have 1D vision. Can you spot the pattern? nD world means (n-1)D vision. It then follows that we (3D citizens) see in 2D. If you imagine yourself in our 3D world staring at a cube, notice you will only see a 2D square, the face of the cube. You can see length and width, but not depth. So why do you get the "feeling" that you can see depth? Your brain has developed a plethora of techniques and "tricks" to help you perceive this 2D image as 3D. Watch the video to find out more! https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. A simple, easy-to-understand explanation of the experiment that proved the particle nature of light and won Einstein a nobel prize. The Photoelectric Effect. Hi! I'm Jade. I make fun physics videos that will make you smarter while making you smile :) ***SUBSCRIBE*** https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom ***Let's be friends*** TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en ***RELATED VIDEOS YOU WILL LOVE*** The Double Slit Experiment: Light as a Wave https://youtu.be/gRX-s0p4HpM How Many Dimensions Can You See? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwWbSVzAFLQ Thanks for watching! ____________________________________________________________________ The Photoelectric effect proved the quantum nature of light and won Einstein a nobel prize. It proved that light is made of particles! This discovery was controversial at the time as Thomas Young proved that light was a wave in 1801 with his Double Slit Experiment. The experiment that proved the quantum nature of light (light is a particle) went like this: A negatively charged metal plate which is called the "emitter" is placed opposite a positively charged metal plate called the collector. They are both placed in a vacuum chamber and connected by a wire and battery. The electrons in the emitter want to jump across to the collector plate, but the vacuum is preventing movement within the chamber. A light source is introduced to give the electrons the energy they need to jump the gap to the collector. The energy from the light is transferred to the electrons in the form of kinetic energy. This flow of electrons produces a current which is measured by an ammeter in the circuit. If light were a wave, the amount of electrons being freed from the emitter plate should depend on the intensity of the light, not the frequency. Light of higher intensity means a wave of bigger amplitude which means a wave carrying more energy. So a higher intensity should produce a larger current. So if the intensity of the light is high enough, regardless of the frequency of the light, the electrons should be given enough energy to break free. Also, this energy transfer should be gradual as there is a build up of energy,, so there would be a time delay between when the light hit the electrons and when they are emitted. Furthermore, the kinetic energy of the electrons should increase as intensity increases. This means they travel with more speed toward the collector. Turns out none of that happened. The electrons jumped off the emitter instantaneously, there was no gradual build up of energy. It was as if the electrons were getting knocked off the surface. But the most interesting observation was that the kinetic energy of the electrons was dependent on the frequency of the light, not the intensity. For some frequencies, no electrons jumped off the metal at all. The only way to explain this behaviour is that light is a particle (photon). The threshold frequency (sometimes called stopping potential) is the minimum frequency needed to knock the electrons off the metal surface. All frequencies above the threshold frequency carry enough energy to knock the electrons off the emitter, all frequencies below do not. The higher the frequency of the photons, the more kinetic energy in the electrons. From this, Einstein concluded that the energy carried in one of these light particles, which he called photons, was also proprtional to the frequency of the light (E=hf). More energy in a single photon meant more energy being transferred to an electron. The one thing that did depend on the intensity was the electron current. If the light shone was above the threshold frequency, a higher intensity means more photons. More photons means more photon electron interactions which means more emitted electrons. Einsteins discovery of photons and the photoelectric effect won him the nobel prize. But Young's proof of light being a wave was not wrong. Light is a particle and it's a wave. This is called wave-particle duality and is widely accepted in quantum physics. https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. A simple, fun and easy explanation of Young's Double Slit experiment. The experiment that proved the wave nature of light. Hi! I'm Jade. I make fun physics videos that will make you smarter while making you smile :) ***SUBSCRIBE*** https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom ***Let's be friends*** TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en ***RELATED VIDEOS YOU WILL LOVE*** How Many Dimensions Can You See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwWbSVzAFLQ The Photoelectric Effect: Light as a Particle https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Z4yV-MtxxY Thanks for watching! ____________________________________________________________________ Everything you need to know about the experiment that proved that light is a WAVE! Young's famous double slit experiment. Young's double slit experiment. The experiment that proved that light is a WAVE. Newton actually thought that light was made up of particles, but a lot of the other physicist noticed that his theory didn't explain light-like properties like diffraction and polarisation. Thomas Young proved that light was in fact a wave with his double slit experiment. The experiment set up: two slits (double slit), and a light source behind the double slit. Some distance away is a detection plane to show where the light hits after it has passed through the double slit. An interference pattern appears on the screen when the light is switched on. The only way to explain this interference pattern is if light is a wave. The constructive interference causes the bright fringes and destructive interference causes the dark fringes, resulting in an interference pattern (diffraction pattern). Thus it was proved by Thomas Young's double slit experiment, that light is indeed a wave. Thanks for watching! https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

151219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. You've been asked to calculate the force on a charge. Easy right? Just use Coulomb's law. BUT WAIT! There are THREE charges! Ahh! This video walks you through every detail of how to go about solving this problem so you can ace that exam question. Watch the next video here! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDJwqxpzA7A 1) The worked example question is: In the diagram (shown in the video), charges q1 = q2 = q3 = 2.3 x 10^-9 C. What is the size of the electrostatic force experienced by charge q1? https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. A simple and comprehensive introduction to electric fields. Covers the basics like the electric field of a charge, electric field lines and the electric field equation. Hi! I'm Jade. I make fun physics videos that will make you smarter while making you smile :) Subscribe for new videos every second Thursday! ***SUBSCRIBE*** https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom ***Let's be friends*** FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/upndatom/ INSTAGRAM: https://www.instagram.com/upndatom/?hl=en ***RELATED VIDEOS YOU WILL LOVE*** What is Coulomb's Law? (with example) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Jdgx... What is Electricity? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oB0zHJtiSRg How to Calculate the Force Between THREE Charges https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R8euH... The Double Slit Experiment: Light as a Wave https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gRX-s... ____________________________________________________________________ So you put two positive charges together, and no surprise, they repel. Simple right? But WAIT! What IS that mysterious repelling force? Turns out it's the electric field. All interactions between charges are because of their electric fields. But electric fields are not uniform, that is, they vary in strength depending on their distance from the charge. So how do we visually represent this? ELECTRIC FIELD LINES. Electric field lines give a visual representation of the varying strength of electric fields. They follow two simple conventions: 1 - field lines of positive charges point out, and field lines of negative charges point in - 2 - a high density of lines represents a strong electric field and low density of lines represents a weak electric field. The definition of an electric field at a point is E = F/q where E is the electric field, F is the force felt by a test charge placed in the electric field and q is the magnitude of the test charge. Thanks for watching! https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/

170219 Like and subscribe. This is an archive, check the link in the end if you are. A simple, easy explanation of the intuition behind Coulomb's law and a worked example of an exam type question. Hi! I'm Jade. I make fun physics videos that will make you smarter while making you smile :) ***SUBSCRIBE*** https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom ***Let's be friends*** TWITTER: https://twitter.com/upndatom?lang=en ***RELATED VIDEOS YOU WILL LOVE*** What is Electricity? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oB0zHJtiSRg How to Calculate the Force Between THREE Charges https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R8euHjXaIcE What is an Electric Field? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDJwqxpzA7A ____________________________________________________________________ 1) Coulomb's law accurately measures the size of the force between two charges. It is based on two findings: the size of the electrostatic force is directly proportional to the product of the magnitude of the charges, and the electrostatic force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance separating the charges. When these two findings are translated into a mathematical equation it takes the form F=kq1q2/r^2, where F is the force, k is Coulomb's constant, q1 and q2 are the magnitudes of the charges, and r is the distance separating the charges. This is Coulomb's law. 2) The example worked through in this video tutorial is: Two charges of magnitude 1.8 x 10^-17 C are separated by a distance of 150 nm. What is the size of the electrostatic force experienced by each charge? https://rumblevideoarchive.wordpress.com/