AfricanStream

Amy Jacques Garvey was a formidable figure in the Black liberation movement - and her impact extended far beyond her role as the wife of Pan-African figurehead Marcus Garvey. She was an astute journalist, editor and activist, and played a pivotal role in shaping the intellectual and ideological framework of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). Her incisive writings provided an important platform for anti-colonial and feminist discourse, advocating fiercely for the rights and empowerment of Black people globally. Amy Jacques Garvey will be remembered as a great architect of Pan-Africanism and a powerful voice for gender equality within the movement. African Stream’s Wambura Mwai relates her impressive story.

Africa has some of the weakest passports around. While many restriction on our travel globally are rooted in racist fears and assumptions, Africans also don’t make life easy for themselves - even within our continent, we often require visas to get around! That’s something we could easily fix by lifting restrictions on intra-African travel along the model of the borderless EU. Is that something you’d like to see happen?

‘Madaraka’ is Swahili for power - and on this day, Kenyans took theirs back from the colonial regime. Self-governance was a key milestone on the difficult road to independence. African Stream’s Wambura Mwai looks back at the drama that lead up to it. Happy Madakara Day!

Here’s American Black writer James Baldwin explaining why he fled to France in the 1940s. Put simply, there was a ‘danger of death to negros’ in the U.S. and he had to get out. He’s on a 1968 episode of the Dick Cavett Show, and had just been asked by a White Yale professor: ‘Why must we always concentrate on colour, when there are other ways of connecting men?’ Baldwin quickly exposes the out-of-touch academic. And reels off the list of realities facing Blacks. From the segregated congregations of the Christian church, to the real estate lobby that kept him ‘in the ghetto.’ Baldwin arrived in Paris with just $40 in his pocket. But he didn’t care. France was able to release him from the ‘social terror’ he’d experienced in the United States. His first novel, Go Tell It on the Mountain, was published in 1953, and it made Time magazine’s top 100 list. Baldwin died in 1987, and is remembered for his civil rights activism as well as his writing. And, of course, passionate interviews like this.

The struggle against colonialism is intensifying worldwide. This video by Congolese journalist Maud-Salomé EKILA BOFUNDA (@ekilaaa) the spokeperson of the organisation @urgencespanafricanistes and @afriqueresurrection goes into the history of the indigenous Kanak people, who are confronting violent French settler colonialism and an effort to seize their lands. What the French call ‘New Caledonia,’ aka the islands of Kanaky, an archipelago not far from Australia, has been inhabited by Pacific Islanders since around 1000 BCE. The French seized the islands in 1853 and made it an ‘overseas territory’ in 1956. Today, the French and their settlers on the island are trying to consolidate and solidify their power at the expense of the Kanak people once again. The goal is to eliminate the the Noumea Agreement of 1998, which grants Kanak people some level of political control over their ancestral homelands. In doing so, settlers born in France who migrated to Kanaky would be allowed to participate in local elections. For decades, the strategy on the part of the French to crush the power of the Kanak people has been to encourage more and more mass French settlement on the islands. Many Kanak, including very well organised sectors of the population, understand that their only true pathway to liberation is through full independence from France and an end to all colonial ties and relations.

For more than seven months, massacre upon massacre in the Gaza Strip has been livestreamed to the world. Be it Palestinian parents begging for justice by holding up their children’s dead bodies or Israeli soldiers playing with women’s lingerie after they raid Palestinian homes, the world has seen the true face of Zioni*m. However, the West has remained Israel’s friend. As pro-Palestine activist Fiona Lali of the UK’s Revolutionary Communist Party points out, Israel is crucial to upholding Western imperialism. It is an unsinkable aircraft carrier, a Western outpost in West Asia used to destabilise the resource-rich region. Instead of clamping down on Israel’s military onslaught that has k*lled more than 36,000 Palestinians, the West has poured resources into Israel. That has included UN vetoes against ceasefires, refusing to recognise a Palestinian state, shipping weapons, and sending tens of billions of dollars since 7 October.

31st May marks three years since the gruesome murder of British-born Jamaican teenager Dea-John Reid in broad daylight in the city of Birmingham. Reid was murdered by a group of grown men and teenagers who chased him down a street and stabbed him multiple times while shouting racial slurs. The brutal incident was captured on security cameras. Reid's family are still demanding justice over his murder. A 15-year-old White boy was convicted of the lesser crime of manslaughter - but not of murder, as demanded by the family and prosecution. He received a six-and-a-half-year sentence for the crime, but he is likely to serve only half of his sentence behind bars because of the nature of the British judicial system. Two other teenagers and two adults who had been accused of taking part in the attack on the Jamaican teenager walked free after the court acquitted them of all charges. Many have described the verdict as a miscarriage of justice. They blame the composition of the jury for this. Out of the 12 jurors, 11 were White, while one was of Asian descent. The Ministry of Justice says jurors are randomly selected, but given the fact that people of colour make up over half of Birmingham, it is difficult to understand how a jury in such a case could be 91% White. This has led to calls for deliberate efforts to make juries more ethnically diverse, especially in cases where race is at the centre. Please follow the Justice 4 Dea-John Reid campaign at https://www.facebook.com/share/c7WE41c8M2kpsEZx/?mibextid=LQQJ4d and lend the family your support.

Mossad’s former director, Yossi Cohen, threatened Fatou Bensouda, former International Criminal Court (ICC) prosecutor, over a probe into war crimes, according to an investigation pursued by three publications: The Guardian, Israeli-Palestinian publication +972 Magazine and Local Call, a Hebrew-language outlet. The intimidation campaign against Bensouda, a lawyer and Gambian High Commissioner (or official representative) to the United Kingdom since 2022, began when she announced in 2021 that the court would open investigations into possible Israeli war crimes in occupied Palestinian territories. The ICC initially delayed its investigation over deliberations about its jurisdiction regarding the Palestinian territories. Once it cleared that hurdle, the probe went ahead despite Israeli opposition. It culminated on 20 May when the ICC announced it had filed applications for arrest warrants for Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Defence Minister Yoav Gallant over possible war crimes in the Gaza Strip since 8 October. Cohen, a close ally of Netanyahu, allegedly told Bensouda, ‘You don’t want to be getting into things that could compromise your security or that of your family.’ On a separate occasion, Cohen allegedly told the prosecutor that proceeding with the investigation would severely damage her career.

There are more foreign troops in Africa than during the colonial era, and we should be worried. That’s the warning from Senegalese diplomat, Abdoulaye Bathily, who was speaking at the recent Thabo Mbeki Africa Liberation Day lecture in South Africa. And when you look at the numbers, you can understand his concern. In 2019, the United States Africa Command (AFRICOM) revealed it had 34 U.S military bases and 6,000 troops on the continent. The same year, the French Ministry of Defence admitted to having over 7,500 soldiers based in Africa. But their presence hasn’t led to peace. In fact, the situation has worsened in many regions. Take the Sahel, for example. After NATO armed rebels to overthrow Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi, the insurgents flooded south, and triggered a horrific wave of terrorism. In 2022 terrorists killed close to 8,000 people in Niger, Burkina Faso and Mali. That’s compared to 30 people in 2002. The huge increase happening despite the existence of several American and French military sites and Africa’s most expensive drone base in Niger. In East Africa, there’s a similar story. The rise of terror group al-Shabaab can be traced to the American-backed Ethiopian invasion of Somalia. Before 2006, the Islamic Courts Union provided the only semblance of stability in the country since the overthrow of Siad Barre in 1991. So, as Professor Bathily explains in this clip, it’s ‘worrisome’ to put it mildly. Too bad other countries don’t seem to think so, like Kenya. It’s just been designated a major non-Nato ally and in 2023 signed a five-year ‘defence co-operation agreement’ with the US. worth $100m.

All eyes will be on South Africa as some 28-million voters head to the polls to choose new leaders at national and regional levels. The election has been dubbed the most competitive and crucial since the country’s first democratic one 30 years ago. The African National Congress (ANC) convincingly won subsequent elections and has dominated the national political landscape ever since. However, according to several opinion polls, that dominance could be significantly eroded by the 29th May vote. A survey conducted by Pan-African research group Afrobarometer suggests that the party is likely to garner less than 40% of ballots - way below the 50% share it needs to form a government. The decline in support for the liberation movement-turned-ruling party is seen as a verdict on its governance record, which, according to many South Africans, has failed to improve the welfare of the majority-Black population. While dozens of parties will appear on the ballot, the ANC’s chief competition comes from three political parties - two of them being ANC offshoots. African Stream takes a deep dive into what they’ve got to offer. Do you think we’ll see a coalition? Between whom?

In this 1964 clip, we see Malcolm X pushing back on CBS News reporters. They asked the chairman of the Pan-Africanist Organization of Afro-American Unity to condemn what the Western media labelled as the 'massacre' of European nuns held hostage in October 1964 in the resource-rich Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Malcolm's reply serves as a stark reminder that the ongoing conflict that has killed more than 6 million since the mid-1990s began with Western powers vying for the Congo's mineral wealth since the late 1800s.

Tunisians have voiced their anger over Israel’s bombing of a camp for displaced people in Rafah. Hundreds took to the streets after Sunday’s attack killed at least 50 people and injured many more. Most victims were women, children and the elderly. Just days before, the International Court of Justice ordered Tel Aviv to stop its assault on the region in southern Gaza. South Africa filed the request over fears the attack would endanger the lives of over 1.4 million Palestinians in the city. ICJ judges ruled 13-2 in favour, but Tel Aviv has ignored the UN’s top court and says its bombardment will continue. The latest atrocity has sparked an international outcry, with EU leaders threatening to sanction Israel. Over 35,562 Palestinians have been killed and 79,652 injured in what Israel says are operations against H*m*s. Most of the dead are women and children.

South Africans are heading to the polls to elect a new government, the sixth time they’ve done so since the end of apartheid in 1994. But one issue during those thirty years has never gone away, South Africa’s massive wealth gap. The majority-Black population has remained poor three decades after Nelson Mandela’s African National Congress (ANC) took over the reigns of power. Many factors are blamed, including the claim Mandela and other ANC leaders sold out to White elites. The accusation isn’t disputed by Julius Malema, the leader of the Economic Freedom Fighters party. During this appearance at the UK’s Oxford Union, in 2016, he said Mandela was close to the White elite that ran the country and was a different man to the one everyone knew, when he left prison. However, we shouldn’t dwell on the past, says Malema. Instead, the new generation’s task is to accomplish what Mandela failed to do.

Hats - or academic caps - off to the faculty at Morehouse College who held high a DR Congo flag during a recent speech by Joe Biden, who was at the Black liberal US arts institution congratulating graduates, but also no doubt trying to secure a few extra African-American votes in the upcoming presidential race. Biden - who’s earned himself the nickname ‘Genocide Joe’ for his continued support for Israel in the face of mounting evidence of atrocities in Gaza - has also arguably been contributing to the genocide in DRC. Although US military aid to Rwanda - which is widely suspected of actively supporting rebels in DRC’s east - was frozen last year over the use of child soldiers, the fact remains that Washington has bolstered Kigali’s (and thereby the rebels’) military capacities. And US aid of other kinds still flows into Rwanda, while the White House remains mostly silent about the atrocities across the border. African Stream’s Wambura Mwai breaks down why, and walks us through the protest at Morehouse. What’s your reaction?

South Africans will be going to the polls on 29th May. Dozens of political parties will be taking part in the elections, which have been described as the most critical since the end of apartheid 30 years ago. According to many analysts, the election will be dominated by four parties: the current ruling party, the African Nation Congress (ANC); the White-dominated Democratic Alliance (DA); the Pan African-oriented Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF); and the uMkhonto weSizwe party (MK), led by former South African president and longtime ANC member Jacob Zuma. Consequently, the spotlight has been on the leaders of these four political parties. Of the four, the leader of the EFF, Julius Malema, has been on the receiving end of some of the most scathing attacks, especially by Western media outlets. He has been portrayed as an unhinged, White-hating loose canon whose policies are going to ruin South Africa. Some have gone as far as referring to him as the ‘Black Hitler.’ But those who support the man say he’s been badly misrepresented. They say his proposed policies in sectors such as mining, land and finance are exactly what the country needs to fully break away from its apartheid past. In this video, African Stream’s William Sakawa goes through the EFF manifesto and highlights the party’s views and policies on issues that are of great importance to South Africans and Africans in general. Whether you’re a South African or not, let us know in the comments if you think Malema is the right man for the top job. Do you have anyone like him in your country?

The people cheered as a charter granted President Ibrahim Traoré a 5-year extension in office, starting on 2 July. His title has changed from ‘President of the Transition of Burkina Faso’ to ‘President of Burkina Faso.’ On May 25-26, the landlocked African country held ‘Les assises nationales’ or ‘The National Conferences,’ when representatives from Burkina Faso’s 13 regions convened meetings to determine the country’s direction. The process included government officials, as well as representatives from civil society organisations and trade unions. This extension comes almost 20 months after a military coup that ousted a Western-aligned leader. Since then, the population has poured into the streets to express support for the new government, which has taken over areas once held by terrorist groups, kicked out widely unpopular French troops and media, nationalised local industries, and embarked on a pathway to industrialisation and job creation with new refineries and plans for new energy facilities. While political parties boycotted this past weekend’s decision-making process, party members decided to attend anyway to express their opinions as individuals. Such was the case with Moussa Diallo of Ex-Chef De Fil de L’opposition (Ex-Leader of the Opposition political coalition in English), who said to local TV news station Faso 7, ‘I told myself that, as a patriot, it was my duty to come here.’ The same was the case with Ali Badra Ouédraogo, former president of Rassemblement des Patriotes pour le Renouveau (Rally of Patriots for Renewal), who voiced satisfaction with the process. Many ordinary Burkinabè people we spoke to outside the conference hall are satisfied with the five-year extension. However, a visible segment of the population hoped for a 10-year transition period. Here is what they had to say.

Independent climate reporter Rachel Donald (@planetcritical) breaks down how the United Arab Emirates (UAE) might be behind the deaths of thousands of innocent people in Sudan’s Darfur region through what she describes as the UAE’s proxy, the Rapid Support Forces (RSF). Donald explains the importance of Sudan’s rich mineral deposits and location as motives for the UAE to work with the paramilitary force that, until 15 April 2023, worked alongside the Sudanese army as part of a civilian-military council to transition the country to civilian rule. Now, for more than a year, the RSF has been battling the army in the streets, creating a humanitarian crisis for 25 million—more than half the population—and displacing over 8 million Sudanese. Moreover, Donald links Russia, the US, and the European Union in profiting off the UAE’s actions in Sudan and ignoring civil society groups that have called for those governments to hold the UAE accountable for its blood money. All in all, a complicated game of realpolitik has cost more than 15,000 lives in Sudan over a year of conflict, according to US estimates. Plus, the UN recently said about 700,000 children in Sudan will suffer from acute malnutrition. This video is over 6 minutes long but worth watching until the end.

France maintains significant economic interests in Africa, particularly in sectors such as energy, mining, agriculture and telecommunications. Africa is also an important trading partner for France. French companies export goods and services to African markets, while also importing natural resources and raw materials from the continent. However, recent military coups in Africa - in Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger - have seen France’s influence wane on our continent, making its neocolonial exploitation (on which it depends) harder to maintain. Some are speculating that France is getting so desperate that President Macron is preparing to gamble everything. In this clip, Isa - a TikTok content creator and all-round commentator on things geopolitical - explains why he thinks France will try to escalate Russia’s war on Ukraine into a Third World War… to save itself, or make sure everyone else goes down with it! That might sound like a bit of a leap from losing influence in the Sahel, but hear Isa out and let us know what you make of his theory in the comments.

Here, Pan-Africanist Malcolm X responded to a CBS News reporter asking about the 24 November 1964 covert Belgian-US paratrooper operation called 'Operation Dragon Rouge,' which killed two dozen out of 1,000 European and US hostages in the short-lived People's Republic of the Congo capital, Stanleyville (later Kisangani). The effort involved DRC troops and apartheid-era South African mercenaries. Congolese rebels loyal to former revolutionary Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba (1925-61) opposed then-Prime Minister Moïse Tshombe (1919-69), a one-time Katanga separatist leader complicit in Lumumba's 1961 assassination. The rebels used hostages to shield villages from US-supplied aerial bombings. While Western media called the rebels 'cannibals,' and 'savages,' they identified themselves as 'simbas' (Swahili for 'lions'). Their attempt was part of a broader effort, the 'Simba Rebellion,' that took place between 1963 and 1965.

Here’s a scene that’s become a familiar sight. Furious demonstrators yell ‘war criminal’ and ‘Secretary of G*nocide’ at US Secretary Antony Blinken . He was confronted by pro-Palestinian supporters ahead of a Senate Foreign Relations Committee hearing. It was then interrupted several times by protesters, while others stood silently and held up their hands covered in red paint. U.S officials have faced regular protests during congressional appearances since Israel launched its war on Gaza. Blinken reiterated US support for Israel’s destruction of the besieged enclave, which has killed over 35,000 Palestinians in seven months.

When British oil giant Shell held its annual general meeting on 21 May in London, no one expected to hear the controversial story of Nigeria's Niger River Delta until Mikaela Loach intervened. The Jamaica-born author, climate justice activist and medical student silenced the room with a passionate exposé of Shell's crimes in the delta, where Life expectancy is around 41, 12 years lower than the national average. Since 1958, Shell's extraction operations have ravaged the densely populated delta's land and waters leading into the Atlantic Ocean. While the delta region only makes up 7.5 per cent of Nigeria's territory, it is home to 45 million people or 20 per cent of 218 million Nigerians. Shell is also blamed for Nigerian security forces cracking down on protesters in the delta's Ogoniland area, leading to the 1995 hanging of Ken Saro-Wiwa, a writer and activist, and eight other environmental activists, all dubbed the 'Ogoni Nine.' The National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency reported oil companies had spilt 19,058 barrels of oil, or the equivalent of around 95 oil tanker trucks, in 2023 alone. Two Swiss researchers calculated in 2019 that nearby oil spills that occur before conception increase newborn mortality by 38.3 deaths per 1,000 live births, an approximately 100 per cent spike. In 2021, a Dutch court ruled in a case that four Nigerian farmers and environmental group Friends of the Earth (@friends_earth) brought in 2008 suing Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC) for Niger River Delta oil spills and Royal Dutch Shell for neglect. Shell agreed to pay $16 million to the farmers and their communities to compensate for damage while the court ordered Royal Dutch Shell to install a leak-detection system. According to reports, Shell also lost a Nigerian high court case in November that could lead to $44 million in damages. Meanwhile, the UK Supreme Court unanimously ruled in 2021 that plaintiffs had a 'good arguable case' that Shell was legally responsible for the pollution caused by its Nigerian subsidiary, SPDC, and that the case would proceed.

Echoing revolutionary Ghanaian leader Kwame Nkrumah's dream of the Congo's pivotal role in transforming Africa, our recent ‘Pan-African Attitude’ podcast guest Kambale Musavuli laid out statistics on his country's vast economic potential. Musavuli, one of the Democratic Republic of the Congo's leading journalistic voices, argued that Africa's stalled potential is partly caused by our failure to see that the Congo's sorry state is by design. Using proxies Rwanda and Uganda, Western powers have been able to extract the country's vast natural wealth, estimated to generate $16 trillion from four key minerals—copper, nickel, cobalt, and lithium—in the next 25 years, according to the IMF.

Author, activist and medical student Mikaela Loach is known for speaking out against climate injustice. However, in this recent BBC interview, the sister lends her voice to the more than 2 million Palestinians under Israeli bombardment and an escalated siege since 7 October in the Gaza Strip. The Jamaica-born, UK-based activist called out the UK government for continuing to sell arms to Israel in the face of what the International Court of Justice ruled in January as 'plausible' g*n*cide. Loach also took it back to the annals of history to show that Israel's oppression of Palestinians didn't begin on 7 October, but since 1948, when Israeli settlers expelled about 750,000 Palestinians after establishing the state of Israel with the UK's support. So far, Israel has k*lled more than 35,000 Palestinians in the Gaza Strip, primarily women and children. Listen in.

Garrison Hayes is a storyteller who specialises in history and race. In this clip, he brilliantly responds to a racist question someone asked him on X/Twitter: Will Blacks in the US ever be ‘self-sufficient’? He politely points out that numerous African communities in the US built all the infrastructure they needed and were well on their way to prosperity when Whites came along and attacked and destroyed everything. The real question, in Hayes’ view, is this: when will Whites ever be ‘self-sufficient’ and not have to oppress Blacks? What’s your answer?

New Afrikan organiser Siphiwe Baleka (@siphiwebaleka) recently visited the Thomas Sankara Centre (@burkinabooks) in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, seeking to connect the struggle of African peoples in the diaspora with the fight waged on the continent. He used his family’s history starting from the European Slave Trade to bridge Africa and the Americas. Baleka travelled to Burkina Faso with the African Diaspora Development Institute (ADDI), meeting with President Ibrahim Traoré to discuss the importance of defending Africans in the diaspora, supporting a potential reparations case at the International Court of Justice, and granting diaspora Africans citizenship in Burkina Faso. Former African Union Permanent Representative to the United States Arikana Chihombori-Quao is ADDI’s founder and president. Baleka identifies as a New Afrikan instead of as ‘Black American’ or ‘African American.’ The former term describes a descendant of enslaved Africans in the United States seeking to reclaim a historical land base in the US South, where their ancestors were forced into labour. The term signifies a collective identity rooted in shared experiences, acknowledging the unique history, culture, and struggles. Some have noted the contradiction in claiming land unceded by the region’s indigenous peoples. Baleka also represented the Pan African Federalist Movement (PAFM) West Africa Region, of which he is Head of Research and Strategy. The organisation seeks to create a federal ‘United African States’ to benefit the diaspora, potentially granting citizenship in a new Pan-African superstate.