UW Volcano

Title.
1879-1880: Events and facts of the last eruption of Ilopango Caldera Volcano.

Filled by one of El Salvador's largest lakes, it has an edgy serrated rim of 150 or 492 feet to 500 meters or 1640 feet high.

Major explosive eruptions produced pyroclastic deposits that cover much of El Salvador.

The latest collapse resulted from the massive year 431 Common Era Tierra Blanca Hoven or TBJ eruption.

It produced pyroclastic flows that devastated some Mayan settlements and forced others to move from the area.

Post-caldera eruptions formed a series of lava domes within the lake.

Los Cerros or Islas Quemadas are the summit of a submerged lava dome in the center of the lake.

In 1879 the volcano made a series of eruptions, resulting in the youngest continental land portion in the country.

Los Cerros or Islas Quemadas emerged in the center of the crater from a depth of 200 meters or 655 feet.

Constant seismic activity has triggered the gradual crumbling of Los Cerros or Islas Quemadas dome.

An earthquake in 2001 caused major damage in one of the remaining islets, now it barely rises above the water line.

3D graphic animation shows the caldera before and after the eruption of December 1879.

A maximum depth of 235 meters or 770 feet located in the north-eastern hemisphere of the volcanic caldera is registered.

Facts.
This eruption is the last one of 13 devastating disasters that have been documented in the Ilopango Caldera Volcano in the past 2 million years.

Los Cerros or Islas Quemadas rising from the bottom was from December 1879 to March 1880.

The eruption process took place in six distinct stages.

December 25 and 26 of 1879 registered intense volcanic activity in the caldera.

The destructive main shock was on Saturday December 27, 1879.

Average depth in the rising zone is 200 meters or 655 feet.

Average water temperature at the surface is 30 degrees celsius or 86 degrees fahrenheit all year round.

It has a polygonal shape with dimensions of 17 by 13 Kilometers or 10 and a half by 8 miles with an area of 71 square kilometers or 27 square miles.

Professor Eevan Sunyeah Pushol's doctoral thesis revealed the year 431 Common Era for the TBJ eruption that had the year 536 CE in debate.

In 2017 he assessed during an exploratory dive the underwater lava dome La Caldera del Diablo at 12 meters or forty feet.

This is the location with more presence of fumaroles reported, remaining only 2 other more sites in the crater with scarce fumaroles.

The water reservoir has an estimated capacity of 12 cubic kilometers or 3 cubic miles.

It is at an altitude of 440 meters or fourteen hundred forty five feet above sea level.

Ilopango Caldera Volcano is one of the few places in the world where you can do active volcanic crater diving in freshwater.

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